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The Polymerase Chain Reaction, 2002.
Discussion of the technique of Polymerase Chain Reaction, its strengths and weaknesses, and its importance to molecular archaelogy.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) allows scientists to directly and exponentially amplify small samples of DNA. It will permit molecular archaeologists to analyze the genealogical relationships of extinct species and vanished populations and their relationship to living creatures. This paper outlines the technique and assesses its strengths and weaknesses.
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Roman Imperial Administration, 2002.
Discussion of the problems encountered by Roman Imperial Adminstration as a result of over-expansion.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the shortcomings of Roman imperial administration that are visible in over-expansion and the introduction of an imperial power and culture to societies that had not produced them. The paper looks at institutions including the limitations of Roman law and government within contrasting host areas annexed or otherwise controlled by the Romans.
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Paleopathology, 2002.
Comprehensive account of the field of paleopathology.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The following paper focuses on a particular field of paleopathology and addresses the various issues pertaining to it.
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The Roman Republic, 2002.
Explores the political, social, and legal aspects of the Roman Republic.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The following brief discussion will explore a handful of topics relating to the Roman Republic such as: government, Roman states, laws, family life, the downfall of the republic.
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Ancient Mode Of Production, 2002.
Examines the slave/slave owner mode of production in ancient agrarian societies.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The ancient mode of production (antiquity) was based on a form of division of labor between two social classes, namely slaves and slave owners. In these agrarian societies, the slave owners controlled the forces of production and the means of production, including estates and plantations.
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Beersheba, 2002.
Brief historical account of the city of Beersheba.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 15 sources, $ 142.95
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Abstract
The ancient city of Beersheba or Beer Sheba, or Bir-al-Saba dates back to the days of King David and Solomon and beyond. The following paper gives a brief look into the ancient times.
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Michael Grant's "Cleopatra", 2002.
Reviews the book "Cleopatra" by Michael Grant on the life and political career of this leader of ancient Egypt.
1,025 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, $ 39.95
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Abstract
Michael Grant's "Cleopatra" is an interesting read both in terms of subject matter and style. Cleopatra was a powerful woman who, while reigning in Alexandria, Egypt, had affairs with Julius Caesar and Marc Antony. Traditional history has tended to superficially dismiss her as a powerful seductress. While Grant's book is written in an academic style, it helps debunk the common misperception regarding Cleopatra and demonstrates that she was a skilled administrator who attempted to salvage Egypt from Roman domination.
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Political Power in Ancient China, 2002.
Looks at the criteria for political authority in the ancient Chinese world, using K.C. Chang's "Art Myth and Ritual" as a reference.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
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Abstract
K.C. Chang's book, "Art Myth and Ritual" is an in-depth study and analysis of the development of political power in Ancient China through the foundations of myth, art, and architecture. Through a combination of archaeology, classical studies and anthropology, Chang sets out the specific criteria for the rise of political authority in the Ancient Chinese world and places them in the context of the mythological, artistic and ritualistic realities of the tradition itself.
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Greek Art and Architecture, 2002.
Discusses the changes which took place in funerary art and architecture of the ancient Greeks.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
In funerary art, the Greeks from the Geometric period in the 8th century through Hellenistic times seem to go from the heroic and noble to the sentimental and mawkish. Is funerary art a clue to the emotional development of a people?
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Two Roman Temples, 2002.
This paper compares two Roman temples - the Pantheon and Old St. Peter's.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
As will be seen, while the two buildings were projects of Roman emperors designed to serve a spiritual purpose as well as to reflect the values of their respective communities, the buildings are radically different in design and function. It will be argued that these differences are due to both the different architectural periods in which these buildings were constructed, as well as the differences in the functions that they were intended to serve.
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Egyptian Civilization, 2002.
An overview of the history of Egyptian civilization and culture
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
An analysis of Egyptian culture and how it relates to war, religion and government, as well as the notion of astronomy and numbers in the acceleration of this great culture's rise in history. By verifying these elements, we can see how they grew in power.
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Egyptian Civilization, 2002.
Examines Egyptian culture and civilization and its history.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
An analysis of Egyptian culture and how it relates to war, religion and government, as well as the notion of astronomy and numbers in the acceleration of this great culture's rise in history. By verifying these elements, we can see how they grew in power.
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Ancient Egyptian Costume, 2002.
A history of ancient Egyptian costume.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This is a 10-page paper on the concept and development of Ancient Egyptian Costume.
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Coasean and the Environment., 2002.
A look at the Coasean attitude towards environmental issues.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
A summary of the Coasean approach to the environment.
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The Pyramids, 2003.
An overview of the Egyptian pyramids, from the times of the Pharoah Zoser to Shepseskaf.
2,439 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
The pyramids are the very symbol of Egypt and represent a rich and exciting history of this once great nation. This paper details each pyramid constructed in Egypt from the first one built, to the last one of the 4th Dynasty. The paper includes the history of the creation of pyramids and some information about mummification, as well as the philosophies behind them.
From the Paper
"Often times, a pharaoh had what was called a ?southern burial.? The southern burial had two purposes. First, the body would be buried in a pyramid in the north. It was believed that the soul or ?ka? would then travel south to Abydos where the unused tomb, or cenotaph was (Brier 99). This was figurative of the reunion of Upper and Lower Egypt, which was highly celebrated by Egyptians. In addition, it served as a decoy for the real burial chamber to throw off tomb robbers".
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Ancient Egyptian Economy, 2003.
Evidence, methodologies and techniques of Egyptology that could be employed to allow a further understanding of the ancient Egyptian economy.
2,559 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This essay investigates such egyptology techniques and disciplines as historiography, chronology, philolgy, palaeography, lexigraphy, papyrology, epigraphy, anthropology and ethno-archaeology that can be employed to understand the ancient egyptian economy ranging from such topics as trade activities, importance of particular materials such as gold and silver, bureaucracy, the non-monetary economy and foreign trade relations.
From the Paper
"There are many methodologies and techniques that could be employed to reconstruct and analyse the past in order to better understand the ancient Egyptian economy. Historiography is one such methodology that could be of use because history writing encompasses many different aspects of society and culture. A concise history of Egypt would be particularly beneficial in understanding the ancient Egyptian economy because it would provide an insight into how the economy developed over time, perhaps illustrating the different trade activities that emerged or the gradual increase in free enterprise and markets for example. However historians and Egyptologists are reluctant to write an Egyptian history and instead concentrate on such aspects as cataloguing and labelling (Morkot 2003). Understandably there are a number of difficulties in attempting to write a concise Egyptian history including the sheer amounts of data available, as well as the increased specialisation of Egyptologists who focus on one area of study, causing problems for the writing of an overall Egyptian history. Therefore using the methodology of historiography, although would provide a valuable insight into the ancient Egyptian economy, is currently lacking in its availability. Along with this there is also a scarcity of evidence in terms of surviving texts from Egypt that attempt to tell accounts of Egyptian history and this to provides problematic when attempting to use historiography to interpret the ancient Egyptian economy."
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?The Tale of Two Brothers?, 2003.
Examines the male/female power struggle in this ancient Egyptian text (author unknown).
1,692 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 54.95
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Abstract
"The Tale of Two Brothers" is a story of sexual dominance, revenge, and deceit, and across these themes a deadly power struggle between the opposite sexes takes place. The paper shows that women in this story are depicted as powerful, however using their power for evil purposes. Men on the other hand, are depicted as equally powerful but use their power for good. It is because the men use their power for good that they prevail over the women. By analyzing the relationships between the two couples in the story, this paper makes a persuasive argument that, by the end of the story, the men are the victors of the power struggle.
From the Paper
"The relationship between Anpu and his wife is the first to be examined. Anpu?s wife is introduced as a woman who uses her manipulative power for evil purposes. After Anpu?s brother, Bata, refuses her sexual advances she seeks revenge by using her skill in deception to convince Anpu to kill his brother. Anpu?s wife lies and says, ?When your brother came to fetch the seed, he saw me fixing my hair. He tried to make love to me. ? He became angry and beat me. ? Oh Anpu, kill him for me, or I will surely die? (Loy 1997:1). Here, Anpu?s wife successfully uses her manipulative powers for evil purposes. While Anpu?s wife uses her intellectual power for an evil motive, her husband utilizes his physical power to reestablish what is just. After discovering his wife?s evil plot, Anpu regains the power in the relationship physically by ?[killing] his wife, and [throwing] her body to the dogs? (Loy 1997:2). Anpu is seen as the victor in the situation not only because he is the one left standing at the end, but also because he uses his power for good."
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Rituals of War in The Old Testament, 2003.
Analysis of the war rituals of the battles fought in the Old Testament.
3,929 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
Rituals played a vital role in the wars of the Old Testament: divine consultation, preparatory rites, scare tactics, the herem and purification rites all characterized the Israelite battles. This paper gives a systematic overview of the rituals associated with ancient Israelite warfare in the Old Testament used before, during and after battle.
From the Paper
Consultation with God prior to battle was key in the pre-war rituals of the Old Testament. The Israelites would consult God to determine if they would be successful in their battle. Several methods and techniques were used to communicate with God, including simple consultations, omens/signs (sent from God), mediums, and the use of magical articles such as the ephod. An example of a simple consultation can be seen in 1 Samuel 23:2, where a report has reached David that the city of Keliah has been attacked by the Philistines. Not knowing what to do, David prays to God asking if he should go and rescue the city of Keliah. God answers, ?Go and attack the Philistines and save Keliah? (1 Samuel 23:2). This is the simplest form of consultation that is seen in the Israelite pre-war ritual tradition. Here, God?s word is given directly from God and not through any outside source requiring interpretation.
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