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Canadian Maple Leaf, 2007.
This paper looks at the evolution and history of the Canadian maple as a symbol of Canada.
1,100 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores the Canadian maple leaf as a symbol. Particularly, the paper looks at the significance of the maple leaf to nineteenth century forebears and how the national flag gradually evolved from prominently featuring the British Union Jack to not featuring it at all. Attention is also devoted to outlining how the maple leaf - unpretentious though it may be - is intended to serve as a symbol of strength and resiliency. The writer notes that ultimately, the maple leaf reveals the spirit of the nation as well as its growth as an independent entity.
From the Paper
"The maple leaf has always been a potent symbol for Canadian nationalists. For example, as early 1805 - fully 62 years before Confederation - the Quebec Gazette was praising the unprepossessing maple leaf as emblematic of French Canada; the following year, the rival le Canadien pronounced it suitable for the entire fledgling territory of all British North America. Why this might be so is a question which can lead to many different answers, but one of the most compelling ones put forward is that the maple leaf tree was seen by early nineteenth-century nationalists as a sturdy thing which endured storms and the vulnerability of youth to gradually emerge strong, free, and tall and capable of withstanding tempests; for the early nationalists, the tough and resilient maple tree was emblematic of the Canadian people. In fact, the maple leaf was so well-established in the popular iconography that Canadian officials actually wore maple leaf lapels and brooches during official royal visits in the nineteenth century - such as one celebrated visitation from the Prince of Wales in 1860 which was a major social event in Canada."
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LHINs in Ontario, 2007.
This paper explores the effectiveness of local health integration networks (LHINs) in Ontario.
1,459 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explores both the potential benefits and the possible negative impacts of introducing local health integration networks (LHINs). The paper researches what the effects will be for Ontario once the LHIN program is operational. The paper provides a literature review and concludes that the outcome depends on the Ontario government's collaboration with the health care providers and the degree of integration that can be achieved.
From the Paper
"Local health integration networks (LHINs) are made up of 14 government building blocks. They are intended to plan, integrate, and fund health services at the local level. LHINs are intended to be an important part of the evolution of health care in Ontario from a collection of services that is uncoordinated to an integrated system (Ontario Government, 2006). These services include hospitals, community care centers, long-term care, and home care, among others in certain geographic regions. LHINs in Ontario will be serving between 250,000 and 1.5 million patients who will also be able to obtain health care services outside of their specific LHIN area (Lewis, 2005). The rationale for LHINs is that a particular community's health needs are best known by a person who knows the community (Ontario Government, 2006, p. 1)."
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Multiculturalism in Canada, 2007.
An analysis of the value of the government's multicultural policy in Canada.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper critically examines the complexity of negotiating cultural differences in Canada in the context of multiculturalism. It outlines the origins of the government's multiculturalism policy and discusses the criticism of the policy in practice. The paper argues that while the policy has undeniably been of value in supporting a multi-ethnic society in Canada, it has also often served to accentuate cultural differences rather than provide a mechanism for bridging these difference.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Beginnings of Multiculturalism
Negotiating Difference: Multiculturalism's Discontents
From the Paper
"In this analysis, it is clear that multiculturalism has been flawed both conceptually and in its practical implementation. This being said, however, the question of its ultimate effectiveness must be decided in its favour. As even its critics have noted, official multiculturalism policies actually costs the Canadian government only about $30 million a year; a cost that is far outweighed by its benefits for the Canadian body politic (Bissoondath 1994). The reality in Canada today is that while racism and prejudice remain concerns, Canada has never developed the ghettoes nor the apparently intractable racism that seems to be a constant of United States society. Instead, while Canadians do not always communicate well across cultural/racial boundaries, the toxicity and hatreds that may be encountered in other societies do not seem to be relevant here (Fleras 1992). As a result, it must be concluded that while multiculturalism is not perfect, it has yielded considerable benefits in easing tensions and promoting some degree of understanding in our complex, multi-ethnic society."
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Water in Vancouver, 2007.
An analysis of the environmental concerns surrounding Vancouver's drinking water.
914 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the bacteria content and safety of the drinking water in Vancouver, Canada. It looks at how the environment can affect one's drinking water and what needs to be done to prevent bacteria from entering the water we drink. The paper then discusses what individuals can do to help the community improve the safety of drinking water.
From the Paper
"Vancouver's water system has experienced problems in the past. For instance, bacteria in the water can be a health risk. Bacteria can affect drinking water if it is not prevented. "Unfiltered surface water supplies have the potential of containing the protozoan pathogens Giardia and Cryptosporidium" (Water 7). In fact, this has occurred in the past such as during the late 1920's. Since this time, environmental concerns have been addressed by many communities in Canada and the United States. Canada is concerned about improving water and sanitation in the region (ADB Taking New Directions). While Vancouver gets much of its water from Eagle Lake and Montizambert Creek, testing for bacteria is required. Samples are tested for bacteria, physical and chemical parameters including metals as well as samples for fecal coliform, total coliforms, and E.coli (2005 Drinking Water ii)."
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Property Tax, 2007.
This paper explores the issues pertaining to property tax in Canada.
2,137 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that, in Canada, taxes are higher across the board than in many other developed markets, thus property tax issues are especially problematic. The paper explains how property tax is calculated and why property taxes are continually under attack from various public and private entities. The paper discusses areas that a tax authority or municipality can consider for reform and maintains that the methodology behind property tax determination is a process that should be under constant official scrutiny in order to create not only consistency but faith in the system.
Outline:
Introduction
Property Assessment
Assessment Characteristics
Local Perspectives
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Property tax in general, no matter the market, is generally a contentious issue. However, in Canada, where taxes average higher across the board than in many other developed markets, they are especially problematic. In Canada, property taxes are usually determined by two factors: 1) an overall tax rate which is determined by the local taxing authorities or the local municipal governments within the Provinces, and 2) a property's given value which is assessed by the local municipal assessing agency ("Property" a). The fact remains that property tax no matter how contentious is still Canada's primary source of local and provincial revenues. Statistics Canada reports that as recently as 2003 property taxes constituted 35% of local municipality revenues in all provinces ("Property" b). Yet, this burden on the average citizen appears to be on the increase rather than the decrease and there is much speculation as to how the Canadian economy can continue to expand in such a heavily taxed environment."
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New Public Management, 2007.
A discussion of G. Inwood's "Understanding Canadian Public Administration", which examines Canada's new public management (NPM) model.
909 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper examines G. Inwood's "Understanding Canadian Public Administration", which explores whether the model of new public management will suit the Canadian environment. The paper looks at Inwood's discussion regarding whether Canadian citizens will support these changes. The paper shows how in terms of Inwood's arguments, the new public management model is justified; Inwood maintains that even if Canadians object to these policy changes, in the end they will accept it.
Outline:
Introduction
What Has Gone Before
Usual Responses
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"What is being called New Public Management (NPM) is possibly long overdue in Canada but will have results that are unpredictable. In view of a changed global and national environment since the early 1990s, NPM is needed, as attempted in other countries moving towards neo-liberal finance and planning. However, it is unclear as to whether it will suit the unique Canadian environment. The study of Public Administration has always made much of three goals in effectiveness, efficiency and accountability. NPM, by borrowing from private sector, corporate ideals of management is claimed to promise greater effectiveness and efficiency in terms of delivering services to citizens who are conceptualized as clients. Accountability is particularly stressed. (See Inwood:2004: Ch 12) Nevertheless, NPM also means a shift from Canada's 'generalist' public service to a more 'technical' model as found for many years in the United States. This means a large but probably positive change in an immense, varied country."
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Canadian Bulk Water Export, 2007.
This paper provides a look at the various components of a controversial policy concerning Canadian bulk water export.
1,945 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
The writer discusses that water exportation has emerged as a serious matter for the Canadian government as the United States begins to cast covetous eyes northward. With that in mind, this paper looks at the environmental values in play, at the various government institutions at the heart of the matter, at the agencies/departments involved and at the relative strength of the present policy and what environmental policy tools were most likely used in its crafting. In the end, the writer notes that what should emerge from this study is the recognition that Canada may not have a perfect strategy, but at least a strategy of some kind is in place. The writer concludes that while the future is obviously still to be determined, Canada at least has a workable legislative framework in place to protect its water reserves.
Outline:
Environmental Values
Relevant (Government) Institutions
Pertinent Government Agencies/Departments
Relevant Organizations
The Quality of the Decision and the Environmental Policy Tools Used
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In any case, the 2002 amendments do follow a general pattern of greater federal involvement in the issue. For instance, the 2002 measure delineated above is actually an extension of prior amendments brought into effect the preceding year whereby the International Boundary Waters Treaty Act was modified in such a way that "bulk" water removal from the Canadian parts of the boundary waters - chiefly the Great Lakes - would no longer be permitted. Finally, a still-earlier report from March of 2000 (jointly written by the Canadian and American governments) entitled, Protection of the Waters of the Great Lakes, mandates that water removal from the Great Lakes should not proceed unless it can be satisfactorily proved that the ecosystem of the Great Lakes Basin will not be harmed. All in all, Ottawa has asserted itself on this matter and made it clear that it will use its legislative purview to establish laws protecting Canada's freshwater deposits; simultaneously, the Canadian government - as the chief international negotiator acting on behalf of all Canadians - has made a concerted effort to join with its American counterparts in deploring and discouraging the mass export of water from vulnerable boundary areas."
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Systems of Government, 2007.
A comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of the parliamentary and presidential systems of government.
2,358 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the relative strengths and weaknesses of the parliamentary and presidential systems of government. It discusses various aspects of each form of government and compares their pros and cons. The paper specifically focuses on the issue of separation of power or the ability to limit the amount of power awarded to the head of state. The paper presents examples primarily from the United States and Canada.
From the Paper
"Another important difference between Presidential and Parliamentary systems of government has to do with the relative ease with which heads of state may be dismissed. As we noted, in a Presidential system of government, presidents serve for a fixed period of time. In practice, this tends to mean that a president must be utterly outrageous in order to be ousted - and even then, he may sometimes manage to cling onto power. For example, Richard Nixon is the only American president who has ever been forced to resign. Other American presidents have managed to survive massive scandals. These include President John F. Kennedy, who survived a scandal over the untimely death by drug overdose of actress Marilyn Monroe in 1962; Bill Clinton, a married man and president who weathered the embarrassment of being publicly exposed as having had oral sex with an aide, Monica Lewinsky (Sands, 2000); and currently President Bush, who not only survived but was able to be elected for a second term of office, despite having lied to his people about the existence of so-called weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. (Roper, 2004)"
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Canadian Employment Prospects, 2007.
This paper looks at employment prospects for university graduates in Canada.
1,212 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the employment prospects of university graduates. Among some of the applicable data addressed are overall employment figures related to unemployment rates, characteristics of the labor force and employment by sector. The conclusion is that while technology is one of the most promising prospects to take university training in, it is also one of the most susceptible to the global employment strategies of offshoring and outsourcing. However, the writer points out that the majority of industries in the Canadian economy rely on sectors that typically require university training or graduation. The writer concludes that while there are certainly other avenues towards developing valuable skills applicable in the marketplace, increasingly, one of the best places to acquire those skills is in the university setting and certainly through graduation from a structured academic program in a given field or industry.
Outline:
Overview
Employment Trends
Prospects by Industry
Employment Outlook
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Recent trends in the Canadian employment sector reveal an active employment market for university graduates who are graduating from certain fields and concentrations. The inverse of these observations is that university graduates who graduate in fields or concentrations that have little relevance to the economic activity driving the overall market, are at a disadvantage and quickly develop a detachment from the workforce as research at the University of Alberta has indicated. However, simply having completed a university program through graduation does seem to imply that the employment prospects for the individual doing so are more promising than those who have not."
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Canada, Movies and Migration, 2007.
A critical analysis of two movies on migration: "Who Gets In?" and "Freedom's Land: Canada and the Underground Railroad".
1,302 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the two films "Freedom's Land: Canada and the Underground Railroad" and "Who Gets In?" present distinct views on issues of migration and oppression from the perspective of the Canadian context. The paper reviews both works with respect to their presentation, their major themes and an evaluation of their respective effectiveness. The paper argues that "Freedom's Land" is notably lacking in critical focus on its major themes relating to Canada's historical role of receiving slaves. In contrast, the paper asserts that "Who Gets In?" is more effective and powerful, due to its close critical focus on its major themes of bureaucracy and selectivity.
From the Paper
"Freedom's Land: Canada and the Underground Railroad is a production of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation that attempts to depict the history of Canada's involvement in the Underground Railroad that, in the 19th century, assisted many African American slaves in escaping from the oppression in the slave states of the American south. The film is structured in cohesive sections, beginning with a general depiction of the institution of slavery, and then progressing through to Canada's role as a refuge for slaves fleeing the United States, and featuring as a core element a lengthy depiction of the failed "rebellion" of John Brown in his raid on Harper's Ferry that was a major event during the period leading up to the American Civil War."
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Canadian Gender Roles, 2007.
This paper explores gender roles and how they have evolved in Canadian families.
1,888 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a historical analysis of the evolution of gender roles and the economics of the Canadian family over time. The paper shows how this evolution was notably conservative in many respects in perpetuating the sexism and economic gender inequalities of the past.
The paper discusses how women still remain the primary source of domestic labor and male economic predominance continues within most households. The paper stresses that while the social direction points towards greater equity, we must not lose sight of the enduring economic injustices and burdens that women bear in both the domestic sphere and in the paid labor force.
From the Paper
"The statement that in Canadian society men are no longer considered the "sole breadwinners" nor women only fit for "domesticity" is an assertion that, upon initial review, appears incontrovertible. After all, the rise of the dual-income family and the increasing prominence of women in the paid labour force is a widely recognized phenomenon in Canada as in most western countries."
"This being said, however, upon closer review it may be argued that the situation in terms of gender roles in the Canadian economy and labour force is not quite as clear as this statement would suggest. As this essay will argue, while men are no long the sole breadwinners, they do retain significant economic dominance in Canadian households as in the labour force as a whole."
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United States, Canada and Global Warming, 2007.
This paper compares the U.S. and Canadian policies regarding climate change.
1,553 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper outlines the anthropogenic causes of global warming, the evidence of its existence and some of the differing ways in which the U.S. and Canada are approaching the issue of climate change. The paper discusses how, while Canada appears sincere in its efforts to adhere to Kyoto Protocol requirements, it seems to be actually achieving less than the United States.
From the Paper
"The causes of global warming are many. Most notably, carbon dioxide and methane gas emissions - be they from power plants, from vehicles, from planes, or from man-made structures/installations - serve to facilitate global warming insofar as CO2 and methane gas molecules (as well as Chloroflurocarbon molecules) "trap" long-wave radiation, otherwise known as "heat", and prevent it from escaping into space. Suffice it to say, the more CO2, Chlorofluorcarbons and methane present in the atmosphere, the more global temperatures will climb (Collins, para.5 and para.8-10). All in all, the accumulation of CO2 and methane in the atmosphere and the attendant higher temperatures mean the slow deterioration of vulnerable ecosystems - such as the two Artic Poles - that are not designed to accommodate rapid temperature increase."
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Canada's Electoral System, 2007.
This paper discusses the plurality and democratic ideals of the electoral system in Canada.
1,328 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that in the last few years, the Canadian election system has been revised to reflect the changing and developing nature of Canadian politics. The paper discusses the goal of ensuring that the electoral process retains its plurality and untainted representative character. The paper looks at legislation that ensures equal and fair media access to all officially registered political parties and their candidates. The paper concludes that Canada's electorate appears to be one of the most forward thinking electorates in the developed world.
From the Paper
"Canadian electoral processes are contained in a series of laws that span canonist topics from elections themselves to media, but all combine to form a comprehensive set electoral policies codified through law: Canada Elections Act, Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act, the Criminal Code, Income Tax Act, and the Broadcasting Act ("Electoral"). This series of comprehensive laws has been in development since the 1860s following the founding of Canada. As evidence of Canadian election law's ever expanding plurality one need only examine the severe constraints upon who could vote early in the country's history. Initially, only male Caucasians were allowed to vote even this early white male suffrage was limited by certain property restrictions (Studlar pars.4-10). Eventually all adult males were added to the voting eligibility roster with women later being included."
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Contemporary Feminism, 2007.
An analysis of "Others in their Own Land: Second Generation South Asian Canadian Women, Racism and the Persistence of Colonial Discourse" by Angela Aujla, "Why I'm a Feminist" by Lauren Anderson, and the film "Iron Jawed Angels" by Katja Von Garnier.
1,507 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper examines two articles and a film: Angela Augla's article, "Others in their Own Land: Second Generation South Asian Canadian Women, Racism and the Persistence of Colonial Discourse", Lauren Anderson's article, "Why I'm a Feminist", and the film "Iron Jawed Angels" directed by Katja Von Garnier. The paper focuses on key concepts in these texts and explains how they are significant for contemporary feminism. The paper discusses Aujla's concept of "othering", Anderson's talk of solidarity, and the film's portrayal of the many enormous challenges to solidarity among women.
From the Paper
"In her article, Aujla focuses on how racist and colonial discourses inherited from the past continue to influence dominant discourses today, and on the way in which South Asian Canadian women are still perceived by the dominant culture. These discourses function to keep South Asian Canadian women marginalized within Canadian society, and ensure that no matter how many generations of their family have lived here, they are still never truly Canadian enough, or white enough, to be part of the dominant culture and dominant discourse. They are thus permanent "others" in their own countries."
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National Security in Canada, 2007.
This paper examines the threat the new national security regime poses to Canadians.
1,321 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Agency of Canada (PSEPC) and the Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA) in order to assess if these organizations are infringing upon the privacy of Canadians and whether this infringement is justifiable. The paper discusses the Canadian Constitution and how the new security regime has the potential to undermine certain sections of it, posing risks to privacy rights.
From the Paper
"There can be little doubt that national security has become a major preoccupation of the Canadian government in light of the events of 9/11. According to the Canadian government - and to similar materials contained in our course notes - the national security plan emerging from that traumatic event is explicitly committed to protecting Canadians at home and where they reside abroad; the plan also mandates that the federal government do whatever it can to ensure Canada does not become a base for terrorist threats directed against allies - most notably the United States (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada, "Securing an Open Society: Canada's National Security Policy," para.1-5)."
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Riordan Manufacturing, 2007.
This paper examines the expansion project at Riordan Manufacturing.
1,079 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper examines an expansion project that would benefit Riordan Manufacturing and provides the rationale as to why this expansion project was selected. The paper provides a regional analysis of areas in which the expansion can occur. The paper shows how British Columbia is ideal for use as the principle site for expansion initiatives undertaken by Riordan Manufacturing while Mali, the second potential site, has too many limitations to be a viable choice.
Outline:
Introduction
Expansion within Riordan Manufacturing
Identification of Regions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Currently, the majority of management initiatives within Riordan Manufacturing have been isolated to Human Resources and through cultivating strong relationships with customers. The company developed and implemented a two-year plan that would significantly increase its earning revenue through sales by 2006, with an end goal of reaching the $50 million revenue mark. As the fiscal year has not yet concluded, there is still time to reach this goal; however, despite economic slowdown in the second and third quarters, the company remains positioned to meet this mark."
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Canada and Immigration, 2007.
This paper discusses the increased immigrant population in Canada.
1,055 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper cites various statistics and state sponsored research studies as evidence that not only is Canada's immigrant population a significant percentage of the overall population, but it is one that is on the rise. The paper discusses the extent of this impact on Canada. The paper points out Canada's official terminology that broadly segregates Canada's population into immigrant and native-born camps. The paper concludes that how Canada reconciles these emerging social divisions may mean the difference between continued economic prosperity or increasing violence and poverty levels.
From the Paper
"Canada is deeply affected by immigration and the impact it is having on its demographic profile. With the mass influx of foreign immigrants over the last decade and certainly with the recent spike over the last several years, soon the term Canadian could very well imply that to be Canadian is to be foreign born more than it is to mean born and raised in Canada. While this is not a negative and certainly this argument proposes nothing negative about this potential characteristic, the fact that such an observation may eventually be possible is shocking to many people. In 2005, for example, there were 262k new immigrants which was represented an 11% increase over the previous 12 month period. While this may not, at first, seem expansive, when compared as a percentage to Canada's total population, it is significant."
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Integrated Waste Management, 2007.
A review of the 3 R's (reduction of waste at its source, re-usability and recycling) of waste disposal for Canada.
1,406 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses some of the problems and solutions to Canada's garbage and full landfill issues. It looks at the 3 R's of necessary alternatives - reduction of waste at its source, re-usability and recycling. The paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of this method of garbage disposal and makes recommendations for integrated waste management in Canada.
From the Paper
"3 R's of necessary alternatives are meant "to divert as much waste as possible from disposal" (Mitchell 377) to reduction of waste at its source, reusability, and recycling. Source reduction refers to eliminating as much waste material as possible at its origin to halt "the flow of garbage into the landfill" (The 4 R's). For the consumer it means "reducing the amount of toxicity" (Mitchell 378) in products brought home (water based instead of oil based paints), and the durability of products that will not need to be thrown out despite their inconvenience (cloth instead of disposable diapers). In industry this could include "more efficient manufacturing techniques that produce less scrap or generate fewer toxic wastes per unit of output" (Mitchell 378). In both areas, especially retail, "packaging makes up about half our garbage by volume, one-third by weight" (The 4 R's). Reusability is simply living the way our great-grandparents did down on the farm: repair, don't replace the chair, the new-fangled radio, wash out jars to store things, and if you have to buy, purchase that which lasts. Quality pays for itself. Recycling is the final option, and ideally the least desirable because it means the first two have not achieved their objectives; however, modern life being what it is, what cannot be reused should be broken down by cardboard, paper, bottles, etc. at home. In industry recycling and reusability are often reversed in their order of precedence as they are in some telephone companies who melt down quantities of scrapped copper filaments and remold them into copper wire. This might be an example of the fourth R, recovering (potential) energy from waste, a practice which was employed during wartime especially in England where railings, gates, every scrap of metal was taken by the War Office and melted down for armaments.
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