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Elder Abuse, 2005.
This paper discuses elder abuse, which is considered one of the fastest growing areas of serious concern for the elderly.
3,590 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, whether it is physical, sexual, emotional or psychological abuse or whether it is neglect, abandonment or financial exploitation, abuse results in harm to the older individual. The author points out that, as people live longer, they tend to become more and more dependent on others and may not have a good support system within the community . The paper relates that lifelong patterns of domestic violence are often reversed when the parent or the formerly dominating spouse becomes less powerful and is now the victim instead of the abuser. The author points out that research has discovered those aged persons with cognitive impairments, such as dementia and depression, are at greater risks for abuse. The paper stresses that taking legal action through social service agencies is necessary to prevent elder abuse.
From the Paper
"The Northamptonshire study revealed the prevalence of dementia among the older men and women who were abused. The ability of caregivers to cope varied with the severity of the dementia and whether or not the caregiver considered that he or she was caring as they had always done, caring for physical needs, or dealing with a mentally ill partner. For many the use of formal and informal services was minimal, sometimes through ignorance of available services, sometimes through choice where career and partner deliberately limited outside contacts. These are situations where abuse can easily occur."
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The Older Adult Driver, 2007.
This paper discuses the need for physicians to assess the driving abilities of older adults.
2,855 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the absolute number of crashes is the lowest in older drivers; however, the crash rate per mile driven puts older drivers at the highest risk age group. The author points out that the increase in crashes is not due to age itself but to the increase in detrimental health conditions and common changes associated with age, such as visual impairment, chronic disease, and prescription and over-the-counter medications. The paper relates that, because these changes do not cause a decline in the ability to drive for everyone and usually occur gradually over time at different rates for each person, the physician can evaluate if it is safe for an individual to drive. The author states that, driving cessation can have detrimental effects on an individual. Thus, the goal of the physician should be to identify treatable causes while still allowing the patient to maintain mobility and independence.
From the Paper
"New methods have recently been developed in an attempt to assess drivers. Driving simulators provide an artificial environment for drivers to navigate in, allowing an assessment to be done on driving ability. On-the-road testing is typically the traditional approach. A specialist in older adults usually does this and the focus is on reaction time, speed of turning, judgment, and visual scanning and attention. Safety and reliability issues are not easy to see in this type of test though. A new test called Assessment of Driving-Related Skills (ADReS) has been developed to evaluate drivers."
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Transportation Mobility and Older Adults, 2006.
This paper is a research proposal to study the effects of transportation on mobility of older adults.
1,640 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes to study where older adults tend to travel and how often public transportation is used, as well as where these individuals would like to travel, but are unable to due to lack of transportation. The author points out that research has shown that the availability of public transportation varies based on location and that, in rural and suburb areas, there often is no form of transportation other than private automobiles. The paper reports that the sample for this study will be volunteer men and women, 65 years and older, who ride public transportation in a non-urban region of central Minnesota. The paper states that the self-report questionnaire was developed by the author because other research has not included investigation of where the aged would have liked to travel if they had transportation. The paper includes a cover letter and the questionnaire.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Non-drivers
Use of Public Transportation by Older Adults
Gender and Ethnicity
Methodology
Sample
Procedure
Instrument
Analysis
Tentative Time Line
Appendix: Consent Form
Appendix: Survey
From the Paper
"Troubles accessing public transportation vary from person to person. One in five women Latinas reported transportation problems, while one and ten African American women reported problems accessing public transportation.However, only 5% of white women reported problems with accessing public transportation. However, the number of women drivers is expected to increase in the next 30 years. Only 67% of women had driver licenses in 1997 but by 2012 it is predicted that 90% of women will have driver licenses."
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Transportation Problems of Older Adults, 2007.
This paper discuses current barriers and possible solutions to public transportation for older adults in the US.
2,200 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, with the aging of the baby boom generation, the number of people needing to travel will put more pressure on transportation services. The author points out that declining health and finances can lead to a cessation or limitation in driving. The paper relates that the cessation of driving may lead to social isolation, which is linked strongly to premature death; however, having access to public transportation can lead to a higher levels of satisfaction with quality of life. The author underscores that most aging individuals do not use public transportation because of accessibility, unreliable arrival times, difficulties with learning to use public transportation, fear of being attacked and problems with lighting and steps. The paper highlights the availability of government funding to expand and improve public transportation for the handicapped and aged, but urges that more is needed.
From the Paper
"On the other hand, there are approximately seven million adults over the age of 65 that do not drive, with women making up the majority of non-drivers. Women tend to stop driving more than men of the same age. According to Bailey (2004), more than 50% of individuals 65 and older, who do not drive stay home because they lack transportation options. Non-drivers only average about 1.5 trips per day, while drivers tend to make 4 trips in one day. Furthermore, older non-drivers average 15% fewer trips to the doctor, 59% fewer shopping trips, and 65% fewer social trips."
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Peripheral Vascular Disease, 2004.
An analysis of nursing implications for peripheral vascular disease.
1,308 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Peripheral vascular disease is an umbrella term that refers to a range of abnormal conditions that affect veins outside the heart and which usually cause blockages in arteries. This paper examines how, depending on what region of the body is being affected by the peripheral vascular disease, nursing interventions should seek to minimize the impact of the disease process while introducing as much physical rehabilitation into the treatment regimen as medically feasible to delay or prevent further deterioration.
Outline:
Introduction: Definition and Pathology
Epidemiology
Assessment Strategies
Effects of Disorder on Dimensions of Health
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease can be performed faster, safer, more affordably, and in a minimally invasive way, according to studies performed at New York University Medical Center, New York City, have determined (Health beat, 2001). The results of these studies showed that when peripheral magnetic resonance angiography scanners are used for this purpose, a combination of ultra-fast, high-resolution imaging sequences with a panoramic table and special peripheral coil are used to allow coverage from the renal arteries to blood vessels in the foot in a single scan (Health beat, 2001). Although peripheral vascular disease may not manifest any symptoms at all, if the disease becomes very severe, more serious problems can develop. "
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Demographic Trends in Education, 2007.
This paper explores the changing demographics within education.
1,066 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the changing demographics and cultural influences that have impacted education across the United States. The paper looks at enrollment fluctuations, immigration, diversity, the presence of married parents in the household, poverty, secure parental employment, the aging population, and obesity and shows how each one has a continuous impact on the changing demographics within education.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There have been dramatic changes in the population's composition in the last 50 years due to the rapid growth of the U. S. population. School districts around the country are influenced by five demographic trends. These trends have implications for school districts in terms of enrollment levels, student characteristics, and the resources available for education (Lapkoff & Li, 2007)."
"The first trend affecting educational demographics is enrollment fluctuations. When the population decreases, school districts close schools and reduce their teaching staff. However, when the population is rapidly increasing, school districts open new schools, reopen old ones or just deal with overcrowding. The elementary school where I am currently employed was initially comprised of pre-kindergarten through sixth grade students. Most elementary schools are pre-kindergarten through fifth grade. Due to overcrowding in other elementary schools in the area, sixth grade was removed in order to allow more students to attend in the lower grades."
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Stereotypes and Generalizations, 2007.
This paper describes four common, yet unfair, stereotypes in today's society.
739 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that stereotyping is an attempt to claim that each individual in a certain group shares a set of common qualities. The paper shows the impossibility of this, since no two individuals are alike. The paper looks at stereotypes of politicians and discusses the belief that tattoos are related to gangs, drug heads and motorcycle groups. The paper examines stereotypes of feminists and of the elderly community. The paper shows just how cruel judgments are when they are made about groups of individuals that people know little about.
From the Paper
"Beliefs and values play a large role in society today, and eventually they will evolve over time. There are many different expressions of beliefs and values directly associated with stereotypes. Euphemism and dysphemism are rhetorical terms that are widely used in conjunction with stereotypes. Stereotyping is a natural function of the human and social mind. Essentially, the natural functions of stereotypes are actual sketches of how a group of people is perceived and how they perceive themselves. The stereotypes within this paper are normally viewed as erroneous. These are attempts to claim that each individual in a certain group shares a set of common qualities. No two individuals are alike, so this would be logically impossible."
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Death, Dying and Nursing Ethics, 2007.
This paper discusses nursing ethics as related to life-threatening illnesses and death.
3,364 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the writer's personal philosophy of care and individual ethics in a case scenario of a patient (referred to as Mr. Smith) with advanced Alzheimer's and dementia. The writer discusses how the family often appeared indifferent and unconcerned with their father's condition especially at his untimely demise, which proved difficult for the nursing staff as they cared profoundly for the patient. The writer explores the specific ethical principles involved, including autonomy, justice, beneficence, and nonmaleficence and links the clinical situation to a specific theory of grief, loss and bereavement. The writer suggests alternative actions which could have led to a more satisfying and ethical outcome in the case of Mr. Smith, his family and the nurses concerned.
Outline:
Introduction
My Philosophy of Care in my Nursing Practice
Autonomy, Justice, Beneficence and Nonmaleficence
Related Theory of Grief, Loss, and Bereavement
Suggested Alternative Solutions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Ethics in healthcare is fundamental in the day-to-day care provided to patients' particularly in nursing and certainly with end of life issues. Essentially, the code of ethics for registered nurses is a declaration of commitment to those we serve, it is a guideline that sets out behaviors expected of us, and it advocates for quality care and serves as a self-reflection tool (Canadian Nurses Association, 1998). The codes of ethics and the standards of care made available by our governing body ensure that the best nursing practices will be provided to our patients (Aiken, 2005). Part of our nursing practice is to assist in life-threatening situations. Coping with death is challenging for nurses since the ability to cope with one's own grief or beliefs highly depends on the relationship of the healthcare provider to the patient, to their families and to their own experiences with death."
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Substance Abuse among the Elderly, 2007.
This paper describes why substance abuse is becoming a huge problem in the elderly population.
1,466 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer describes the causes and effects of substance abuse in the elderly. The writer discusses why this problem is being overlooked in today's society. Further, the writer mentions the most common forms of substance abuse, as well as problems with prescription medications and proper diagnoses. The writer argues that if people learn to recognize and tend to the warning signs of substance abuse, there will be more of a demand for better treatment programs and more options will be available for older individuals. The writer concludes that there should be more awareness about the warning signs of drug abuse or misuse, because it is something that will eventually affect everyone's life at some point.
From the Paper
"Though it may be an invisible epidemic, substance abuse among the elderly (adults age 60 and over) is one of the fastest growing health problems facing the nation today. When many people think about substance abuse they immediately think of the younger generation. In reality, though, the elderly population also faces this problem, only in a slightly different way. Instead of abusing drugs such as heroin or cocaine, the elderly are more likely to abuse alcohol and prescription drugs or medications. Though the number of elderly people suffering with these disorders is rising, they remain undiagnosed, under treated, and misrepresented in society. Due to insufficient knowledge and limited research data, health care professionals often overlook or misdiagnose substance abuse in older individuals. If these substance abuse disorders remain untreated and undiagnosed, the last stage of life for countless people may be ruined. For these reasons, substance abuse among the elderly is a topic worth investigating."
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Widowhood, 2007.
A gender-based perspective of reactions to and the effect of widowhood.
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
Both empirical and anecdotal evidence has shown that aging individuals of both sexes frequently develop severe and debilitating depression following the loss of their mates. However, it is aging widowers who suffer the highest rates of suicide among all populations. For this reason, an understanding of the contrast in coping skills between men and women is crucial. This paper examines current thought among professionals concerning the differences between males and females when dealing with loss and with the successful or unsuccessful continuation of life alone.
Outline:
Characteristics of Widowed Women
Characteristics of Widowed Men
Conclusions
From the Paper
"By the age of sixty-five, 33 percent of women have lost their husbands; by seventy-five, the same number of men have outlived their wives. However normative, the death of one's spouse is thought to be life's most devastating event (Holmes & Rabe, 1976, cited by Papalia, Sterns, Feldman, & Camp, p. 147). Both widows and widowers suffer higher rates of depression than do married people (Balkwell, quoted by Papalia et al., p. 498). This being the case, it would be logical to assume that both women and men would attempt to assuage loneliness and avoid depression by seeking another mate, or at the least, an emotionally and/or physically intimate relationship with a member of the opposite sex. While this may be logical, it is not necessarily the case; the differences between men and women are decisive, and conflict in ways that can effect the relative happiness and life-satisfaction of both."
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Later Life Relationships, 2007.
An analysis of the changes to emotional and physical intimacy experienced by men and women as they age.
1,626 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses physical and emotional intimacy and relationships in later life. The paper discusses men and women's sexual functioning and how it may change with age. It then discusses possible remedies for those who are having problems in their sexual function as they age. The paper also discusses society's views on intimacy and relationships outside the parameters of marriage.
From the Paper
"Over the last century, thirty years have been added to the lifespan of the average American. What should we do with the three extra decades? We marry until "death does us part," but what happens when that parting occurs? Should we accept that sensuality ends with marriage and remain celibate for the rest of our days? If we are lucky enough to spend a lifetime with one partner, should that relationship constrict to exclude physical love, or expand to include a different expression of that love? Many are faced with these questions, and an equal number are seeking the answers to those questions."
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Learned Helplessness, 2007.
This paper discusses the problem of learned helplessness when assessing elderly patients with arthritis.
780 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the characteristics of learned helplessness as including behavioral and motivational passivity, giving up and procrastination. The paper indicates that this behavior is usually due to fear of pain or lack of perceived ability. The author points out that, when learned helplessness is a factor, the assessment and results may be skewed due to a lack of effort because the client may not have given his or her best. The paper states that society encourages learned helplessness because people are expected to help elderly and disabled individuals instead of allow them to be more independent by having them try things on their own.
From the Paper
"Arthritis is a rheumatic disease that can be physically disabling because of inflammation of the joints that does not subside and damages healthy tissues; this generates more inflammation and more damage, causing a continuous pain cycle. Movements then become difficult and painful when the damage being done changes the shape of bones and other tissues surrounding joints. When assessing a client with arthritis, it is understandable how the concept of learned helplessness can be evident."
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Implementation of Medicare Part D, 2007.
This paper discusses the prescription drug program that is part of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003.
2,204 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper describes in detail the new prescription drug program that is part of Medicare, better knows as Medicare Part D. The paper describes each prescription drug program and discusses factors that should play into choosing a plan. The paper further describes how one becomes eligible for Part D. Also described is the development of health related public policy and the expansion of health insurance coverage. The paper concludes expressing hope that any cheating or fraud within Medicare Plan D would be reported immediately.
Outline:
Introduction
Social Forces
Political Forces
Cultural Forces
Technological Forces
Ethical Forces
Economic Forces
Effect of Current Issues on Future Initiatives in Healthcare Delivery
From the Paper
"Medicare Part D is a part of the social health insurance that is provided by our government. Social health insurance is an entitlement program, not a charity. Medicare benefits, including Part D, are earned by the enrollee during the course of their employment. The fundamental aim of this government provided program is to provide prescription health care coverage to the American society."
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Alzheimer's Disease, 2001.
An overview of Alzheimer's disease and a look at the research and studies being conducted as well its the prognosis for the future.
1,633 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Alzheimer's disease is a progressive and debilitating disease affecting an estimated four million people in the United States. It looks at how it begins slowly and progresses over time and how symptoms may include memory loss, confusion, problems with thinking and learning and behavioral changes. It also discusses how, at this time, no known cure for Alzheimer's Disease exists and how researchers are testing a great number and variety of substances in hopes of finding ways to ease, slow, and eventually prevent Alzheimer's disease.
From the Paper
"The symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease are caused by the destruction of brain cells. These symptoms include problems with memory and in later stages impairments in language and reason. Alzheimer's Disease progresses at varying speeds and symptoms may differ among patients. Characterizing features include its gradual onset, progressive decline in cognitive function, difficulty in learning and retaining new information, and finally disorientation and impaired judgement. In the later stages, there is a marked change in behavior and mood, leading to delusions, aggression, and wandering. "
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Caring for the Elderly, 2007.
A look at the argument that the quality of life of the elderly depends greatly on their access to the services they need.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how today, the perspectives of old age have changed considerably and how medical innovation, social developments and changing perceptions about old age are changing what is involved in being elderly in today's society. It looks at how the quality of life of the elderly depends greatly on their access to the services that allow them the greatest potential for maintaining and enhancing their quality of life.
Outline
Introduction
Physical Care and Development
Social Care
Emotional
Spiritual
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"This is also the stage of one's life that a person contemplates the purpose of one's life and the implications of one's actions. Thus, spiritual support becomes essential to many individuals. Programs that support the spiritual needs are initiated by religious affiliations but community and social support can enhance the access to these channels. Some religious groups sponsor recreation centers and support groups for their members to ensure their access to spiritual services (Caring for the Elderly)."
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Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, 2006.
A discussion and analysis of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) that was signed by Congress in 1967 as a method of addressing the arbitrary policies that many industries had in the country relating to older workers.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), explaining that it specifically relates to workers of age 40 and older, as Congress believed that this was the age when there was the most evidence of age discrimination. The paper explains that the ADEA directly focuses on a number of issues that affect concerns of age discrimination. These issues include the hiring of employees, the promotion of employees, the salaries of employees and the ability of the company to discharge workers. The paper further explains that the Act discusses the publication of materials for workers that relates to their employment and how these publications may have a direct impact on the interpretation of the ADEA in courts.
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Effective Communication in Patient Health Care, 2006.
A look at the factors that inhibit effective communication between patients and staff in mental health and psychiatric units.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 10 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the barriers to effective communication that are common between staff and patients in mental health or psychiatric units. The paper explains that these barriers tend to be more prevalent when the client population is a geriatric one and then describes the patient factors that contribute to these barriers such as psychiatric disorders, personality disorders, and sub-clinical behavior traits. As well patients may feel frustrated or fearful. The paper then discusses staff-related factors that impede effective communication such as poor communication skills, overwork, lack of experience, and an inability to cope with the unexpected. Additionally, the author writes about her own experience and research regarding this matter, saying that poor communication results in inadequate symptom management, unilateral treatment decisions, and generally poor quality of care.
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Ethics and Age, 2006.
This paper discusses the necessity for ethical values in light of the increasing elderly population.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how we need to have strong and developed ethical values in the face of a shift in demographics that has already begun. The paper quotes Chichin who mentions that in the United States, the most rapidly growing segment of the population consists of those people over the age of 85. This new population bulge is the exact opposite of the baby boom, even though it originates in it. Canada and other countries are beginning to experience the same new trend. The paper explains that the mere fact there are such high numbers of elderly and especially frail people, can cause the bias of ageism to worsen since the elderly may well be perceived as more of a burden on society than ever in history.
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