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Race and Environmentalism, 2002.
Discusses and explains the problem of environmental racism in cities throughout the country.
4,650 words (approx. 18.6 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the attempt to dump unwanted projects that pose a large number of health and environmental risks, on poor and minority communities. The paper addresses the racial bias reflected in the environmental decisions made by the City of Los Angeles, and uses the Vernon incinerator case as an example of the city's decision-making process and how organized communities can fight back.
From the Paper
"The Mothers of East Los Angeles actually came together before the Vernon incinerator proposals appeared on the horizon. They originally sought to prevent the construction of an eighth penal institution to their neighborhood. The Mothers of East Los Angeles began meeting regularly at their church in 1984 to discuss the problems facing their community. They developed a political awareness and began traveling to Sacramento to make their views known to state legislators and officials. These elderly women became well-known in the state capitol and managed in time to bring legal action against the prison plan, leaving it in abeyance indefinitely while in the courts. They soon had another project to occupy their time. In 1985, the state had started the process for building the first largescale hazardous waste incinerator in a metropolitan area, and it was to be placed right in the middle of East Los Angeles where the Mothers lived."
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Police History, 2002.
A brief examination of the history of the American police force.
1,405 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of the history of the police department in America. The writer explores why the nation determined police departments were necessary and how they began their ascent to various cities.
From the Paper
"Before one can understand the current police departments in America it is important for one to understand how the police came to be viewed as something that was needed. Police departments in America origins have been traced back to early English Society. Before the Norman Conquest there were no police forces that were formally administered and implemented. Instead society depended on something called the pledge system which entailed a type of code of honor. This code said that each village member pledged to protect the entire village against crimes such as thieves and murderers. If any member of the village saw something occurring they were honor bound to make such a fuss that the rest of the village would be alerted. They as well as the village members that they had alerted were honor bound to pursue and deal with the criminal in question. While this system was considered successful for many years as villages grew larger it became necessary to design a more organized system. This is when the tithing system came to be. A tithing was ten a ten family group in a village. The ten families banded together and worked with the honor system of before, but the tithing was also overseen by one person that was called a constable. Constables have since been considered the first real police officer in the world(Police History and Organization History of Police
http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/just/just110/police1.html). "
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Welfare System Changes, 2002.
This paper discusses the need to evaluate the recent changes to the welfare system.
1,325 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that the issue of welfare reform was the catch phrase, hot button topic for the majority of the two preceding decades in the United because of the alarming growth of the allocations being allotted to social service programs. The paper states that in making all of these reforms the federal government attempted to give the individual states more control over the funding as long as they met particular requirements laid out in an outline of proposed services. The author believes that early results of the system changes gave some people hope that the reforms were going to be a success, namely those who were responsible for the passing of the legislation.
From the Paper
"A potential problem of this quantitative rather than qualitative deadline system is the limitation of the ability of n individual to make broad decisions about future employment, the new system would limit individuals to job training programs and trade school systems rather than higher education which might be a more long term solution. In addition to this potential problem the issue of age become paramount when services are handed out. (Hopkins 25) If an individual has a lifetime cap on services then receiving benefits at a young age, say when a person is just starting out with an new family and unexpected economic demands, will and does become questionable. What if they need services when they are older and they have used up the services available to them? Young people have been denied services or choices based on this reality, at a time when a help up would benefit them most."
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U.S. Postal Service, 2002.
A brief look at the marketing orientation of the U.S. Postal Service (USPS).
952 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines briefly why the USPS is so focused on customer satisfaction and consumerism. It provides a history of the organization as well as a look at the future plans of the USPS.
From the Paper
"The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) began creating and delivering value for its customers when the Continental Congress appointed Ben Franklin to be first Postmaster General (usps.com, 2003) in 1775. Of course, at that time, the United States consisted of a few eastern seaboard colonies, and the USPS was really the only game in town ? and yet citizens in remote towns and villages were very pleased just to receive mail (value) from a man on horseback. As the years have gone by, the USPS is now a giant, serving 7 million customers daily through 38,000 postal outlets ? which employ 750,000 people. The operating revenue for the USPS today, according to their Web site, is $68.8 billion ? and the USPS boasts that 3 of their 6 product lines would qualify as Fortune 500 businesses (?correspondence & transactions,? ?business advertising,? and ?expedited delivery?)."
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Homelessness in America, 2002.
An examination of the problem of homelessness in America and suggestions of how to overcome this phenomena.
2,125 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
Homelessness continues to be a major problem within the U.S. Since the 1980s, it has continued to receive ongoing attention as an issue of concern to the public as well as policy-makers. Within this paper, an overview of homelessness is provided. The service programs that have emerged as a consequence of governmental influences are identified and discussed. Finally, a proposed solution to homelessness within the US is offered. A summary and conclusions are also provided.
From the Paper
"When homelessness was first brought to the public?s attention during the 1980s, it was estimated that there were approximately two to three million homeless individuals living throughout the US (Hewitt, 1996). The accuracy of these estimates as well as those that exist today remain questionable and have led to many discussions among homeless experts and within the literature as to the problems associated with counting the homeless. The challenges involved with counting the homeless are a result of a number of different factors including the manner in which the homeless are defined; the reality that many of the homeless are ?hidden? throughout the country at any one point in time which may not correspond to periods when the homeless are being counted; duplication in counting that occurs when the homeless are counted on the basis of participation in a service; the mobility of the homeless as they search for different locations for shelter; and the reluctance of those who count the homeless to approach some potentially homeless persons (Wright, Rubin & Devine, 1998)."
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Zoning in NYC, 2002.
An examination of the zoning laws in New York City and some of the hurdles faced when trying to implement them.
958 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the logic and reason behind zoning laws - whereby the City Planning Department claims that zoning shapes the city. It looks at the history of the development of some of these laws and how the NYC zoning plans have become models for other major cities. It also examines why the City faces obstacles in trying to implement certain zoning policies.
From the Paper
"In New York City, zoning is a principal means of land use regulation. According to the New York City Department of City Planning, zoning shapes the city. Through zoning, many aspects of the city are defined and regulated, including building size, population density and how the land is used. Zoning focuses on the changing demographic and economic conditions of the city and works to carry out planning policy.
In 1916, New York City passed the first comprehensive zoning resolution in the United States. The city?s first Zoning Resolution, which was a fairly simple document, determined height and setback controls and separated what were seen as functionally incompatible uses, including factories, from residential neighborhoods."
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The Presidential Management Agenda, 2002.
Examines the effectiveness of the PMA on federal agency performance during President George W. Bush's term of office.
3,635 words (approx. 14.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
The President?s Management Agenda is a method of assessing the management of federal agencies. The paper explains that the PMA for current President Bush uses a simple grading system ? red, yellow and green ? to report each Federal agency?s status and progress in achieving the criterion of success, specific good-government goals articulated for each of the initiatives. Green indicates the agency meets all the standards for success. Yellow indicates the agency has achieved some, but not all, of the criteria. However, a red means the agency has any one of serious flaws. This paper examines just how effective the PMA is on federal agency performance.
From the Paper
"The problem lies in the fact that new programs are frequently created with hardly any systematic review or appraisal of the currently existing programs to deal with the same superficial problem. Over time, there have been many programs with coinciding missions and challenging agendas that just lead to wasting money and puzzling citizens.
Therefore, the government needs to reform its way of functioning as how it runs its business and how it provides to the people it serves; it should also rethink its purpose as in how it characterizes what business is and what services it should provide."
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Resource Independence Theory, 2002.
Discusses Judith Saidel's theory which deals with the role of advisory boards and governance in non-profit and public management.
908 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
Judith Saidel, executive director of the Center for Women in Government, has conducted much research in recent years related to non-profit management, policy, government sector relationships and the relationship between the two. This paper examines Saidel's Resource Independence Theory which claims that appointing certain individuals to advisory groups is a method that organizations can use to build strategic relationships between the organization and key stakeholder groups in the community.
From the Paper
"Judith Saidel is the executive director of the Center for Women in Government located in SUNY-Albany (Rockefeller,2003). Saidel has conducted much research in recent years related to nonprofit management, policy, government sector relationships and the relationship between the two. In a recent study conducted by Saidel, 101 New York State nonprofits that received funding via government grants were examined. Saidel?s primary intent was to uncover the role of advisory bodies in organizations.
Saidel?s research has focused on interdependence issues between public agencies and organizations? as well as the role contracting may have for non-profit governance, policy education and leadership development (Rockefeller, 2003). Saidel?s recent New York State research study entitled ?Advisory Groups and Governance,? specifically outlines the important function advisory bodies have in nonprofit and public management. The primary purpose of her study was to examine the interdependent role nonprofit agencies have in relation with governing advisory councils.
Ms. Saidel developed the ?Resource Independence Theory? related to the role of advisory boards and governance. She claims that throughout history, advisory boards have primarily been viewed as ?passive bodies? with no real governing or influential impact on the organizations which they represent. ?Resource Independence Theory? claims that appointing certain individuals to advisory groups is a method that organizations can use to build strategic relationships between the organization and key stakeholder groups in the community (Saidel, 1991). Advisory boards, according to Saidel, link nonprofit organizations with key members of the community at large and the pubic.
Advisory boards also help organizations find representation with businesses, corporate entities, professional group, foundations, community members and government agencies. To survive, nonprofit groups need such support, and need to be highly visible within the communities they represent. Advisory boards serve the purpose of enabling an organization a higher level of visibility in the community and world at large (Saidel, 1991). In the past, nonprofits were often seen as simply a group that resided within a community. This change in thinking however, offered by Saidel, can help nonprofits become more contributing and important members of the community.
Saidel?s research supports the idea that volunteer advisory groups are crucial bodies of governance in many nonprofit organizations funded by government grants. Her theory explains how advisory boards act as independent entities in nonprofits, separate from the board of directors. The board of directors in a nonprofit organization is often comprised of the CEO and government policy makers. These individuals often have a desire to find an advisory group that will draw on the community, thus creating greater diversity within the organization (Aspen, 1999). Advisory board insight and influence assure that objective decision making remains possible within a nonprofit, in essence allowing a system of checks and balances between the board of directors and organization as a whole. The board of directors in turn, has the unique ability to also evaluate and criticize the decisions offered by the advisory board. The advisory board in turn, helps to fulfill organizational goals and train new board members, as well as maintain the affiliation of retiring board members (Aspen, 1999).
By remaining independent, advisory board decisions are often considered based on merit and not subjective decision making. Advisory board functions within nonprofits include performing organizational activities such as fundraising, grant allocation and agency assessment (Saidel, 1991). Additionally, advising bodies act as ambassadors and advocates for nonprofits in grassroots communities (Aspen, 1999).
Saidel claims that advisory boards hold three primary functions in nonprofit organizations, including: (1) Acting as the ?bridge? between the nonprofit group and community members, (2) Complimenting and strengthening the governance functions of the board of directors by providing independent thought, and (3) Assisting executive staff members with nonprofit organizational activities such as fundraising (Aspen,1999). These functions have been outlined above. Perhaps another appropriate term for advisory boards would be ?ambassadors,? as these boards truly are comprised of officials that act as representative members of the nonprofit cause.
?Resource Independence Theory? provides a framework for how advisory groups should act out in nonprofit organizations. Saidel supports the idea that these groups can help nonprofit organizations achieve ?a balance of community representation in it?s governing bodies? (Aspen, 1999). Advisory boards also, according to Saidel?s theory, play a key role in helping the governing body of nonprofits raise funds for their programs and offer key training to personnel and board members. Their organization contributions, from a practical standpoint, are critical to the survival of nonprofits. Advisory boards may be considered the glue that holds the organization together, assisting with key initiatives and program development.
Additionally, advisory boards help nonprofit organizations reach key people in the community, thereby increasing visibility and support (Aspen, 1999). Program development, continuity of process and policy making and objective judgment are all contributions to nonprofits made by advisory boards. According to Saidel, ?As the boundaries between government, business, and the voluntary sector blur, connections across sectors are increasingly becoming blurred? (Aspen, 1999). Advisory board?s also bring credibility to nonprofits, and their support of the organization spreads a message among community members and politicians that they are on an important mission with an important organization, one that will impact the community in many significant ways (Aspen, 1999).
Advisory boards function well by establishing a clear mission and goal. They focus the efforts of the nonprofit and help decision makers understand the role an organization has in the community. Saidel?s research and theory regarding Resource Independence has re-established the importance of the connection of nonprofit organizations to the community at large. Her methods clearly establish the importance of recognizing the contribution that advisory boards have to the success of nonprofit management. Through proper use of advisory board council, influence and training, Saidel demonstrates how the creation of boards can once again establish the link between nonprofit organizations and the community."
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Emergency Management, 2002.
A discussion of how the U.S. is prepared to deal with disasters.
3,338 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how all types of disasters whether natural or man-made, cause extensive loss to life and property. It looks at how the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.) makes provisions for Federal funds to be provided on a high priority bases to help mitigate hazards at local levels. It analyzes the factors that need to be taken into account to predict and plan for all kinds of disasters and how many states are working towards defining and stating an emergency plan for disaster preparedness, warning and relief.
From the Paper
"People react differently when faced with disaster, some may respond and follow the disaster response plan without a problem, other may forget key instructions and follow their own plans, the most dangerous situations however are when individuals freeze and fail to act when disaster strikes. Response before, during and after a disaster can be the difference between life and death. Failure to heed a hurricane warning when on open seas can be disastrous, for example, there is no plan or emergency option that can help if an individual does not follow the instructions. Very often, adventurers and risk takers will try and approach the disaster region to try and experience the phenomena. There are example of people trying to water ski in the surf produced by a hurricane and individuals who go close to volcanoes and craters to observe them."
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Homeland Security, 2002.
A look at the cost of homeland security.
811 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the dollar costs of Bush?s plan to fight terrorism and increase homeland security comes to an estimated $111.2 billion which will be shouldered by taxpayers, a fact that has drawn sharp criticism from Democrats and other citizens' groups. It looks at how these expenses are separate from the funds that are now being used in the War against Iraq. It evaluates which resources are needed such as manpower, technology and military costs.
From the Paper
"President George W. Bush's budget for fiscal year 2004 prioritizes spending for the 22 agencies that form the Department of Homeland Security. While other federal agencies have been held to tight budgets due to federal deficit increases, the President allotted $36.2 billion for Department of Homeland Security. This figure represents a 7.4 percent increase over earlier estimated figures. The final figure includes $26.7 million in discretionary spending (Kulish).
This budget was based on estimates that the Department of Homeland Security would have close to 190,000 full-time employees. Currently, Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge says that there are nearly 180,000 workers employed full-time with the department. This includes thousands of federal workers monitoring the bag-checks at airports (Lee)."
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Fire Prevention, Organization and Management, 2002.
An examination of the common types of fire hazards and prevention methods which can be instituted.
1,722 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with an overview of the mythology and usefulness of fire. It then explains the dangers involved in the mis-use and abuse of fire and examines common domestic fire hazards. It looks at statistics for the United States indicating which population groups are mostly at risk and discusses way that fire prevention and management can help lower these risks.
From the Paper
"Fire is one of the basic tools of human culture. In ancient Greece, fire was considered one of the four basic elements, a material from which all things were made. Its importance to mankind, the enigma of its capabilities and its apparent whimsicality have made fire sacred to many people. Fire as a god is a typical characteristic of Zoroastrianism, one of the oldest of the revealed world-religions in which, as in many sun-worshiping religions, fire is considered the earthly representative or type of the sun. (Inge-Heinze) The belief that fire is sacred is prevalent in mythology, and these dogmas have endured in many highly developed cultures as well. The connection between the Greek colony and the metropolis was the fire kindled in the colony from a brand brought from the mother city's fire. The most carefully preserved cult in Rome was that of Vesta, goddess of the hearth, and her virgins guarded the holy fire. One of the greatest Greek myths is the story of Prometheus, the fire bringer. The stealing of fire is a prevalent theme in the myths of many other cultures as well. But to most of us, fire is both a blessing and a curse. A a gift that has both saved and taken lives."
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The EBS/EBPS Advanced Management System, 2002.
This paper analyzes the EBS/EBPS advanced management system, which was conceived to standardize, economize and effectively manage the procurement and bidding process for government entities.
3,520 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies some of the causative factors, system identifiers, possible solutions, tools, and recommendations for improving, without retooling or redevelopment, the EBS/EBPS system. The author believes that the current system is too costly in time, money, and manpower despite the perceived and demonstrated inherent value to such a system. The author points out that the advent of the personal computer has reduced the drudgery and alleviated many of the error prone aspects of estimating and lists many recommendations for improving the system by using the computer.
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Introduction
General Discussion of the Background of Bidding
Problematic Nature of Current (Manual) System
Scope and Limitations of EBS Studies
Methodology
Information Collection - History
Information Collection ? Process Methodology for EBPS
Applied Tools
Advanced Management Analysis Tools and Techniques
Analysis
Objectives
Enterprise Integration
Discussion
Recommendations
Appendices
Take-off Viewers
Dictionary
From the Paper
"Procedures for handling IFBs (invitations for bids) are also subjective when they must be objective. The information included in the IFB must be complete and uniform for all bidders without display of preferential selection, the procedures for submitting bids must be standardized as much as possible, the requirements for opening and evaluating bids and awarding contracts must be clear and unambiguous, and two-step sealed bidding procedures must be monitored and managed uniformly across all divisions."
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Proposition AA in the Los Angeles Community College District's Office 3., 2002.
Reviews Proposition AA, the Los Angeles district's $980 million community college bond.
1,256 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the background of issues that gave rise to Proposition AA, the contents of Proposition AA itself and the proposition?s critics. Proposition AA allows voters to decide whether to approve the financing for renovations at the district's nine community colleges, as well as construct new facilities that have been previously launched under Proposition A.
From the Paper
"Like many social service-oriented sectors of local government, the Los Angeles Community College District is facing severe financial challenges. California governor Gray Davis has announced $21 million in state budget cuts, potentially reducing even further the stretched resources of the community college system."
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Legalizing Marijuana, 2002.
Discusses the pros and cons of legalizing marijuana.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines both sides of the debate to legalize marijuana, particularly in light of recent ballot initiatives to decriminalize or loosen marijuana laws. The first part of the paper evaluates the arguments of those who favor keeping marijuana illegal, focusing on arguments of the gateway drug concept and the health dangers of marijuana use. The second part of the paper looks at the arguments for legalizing marijuana, especially for medicinal purposes.
From the Paper
"The similarity between the pleasure-effects of marijuana and heroin and the severity of its withdrawal symptoms lends credence to the controversial ?gateway? theory. Critics of legalization argue that marijuana users who do not choose to stop can very well become inured to the drug?s pleasure effects. This may lead them to seek the same pleasure effects from stronger and deadlier drugs such as cocaine."
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Social Research, 2002.
A discussion of how politicians influence social research and thought.
1,739 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how social research is very dictated by political leadership, political parties and particular cult-of-personality politicians. It looks at how this concept took an evil approach in Nazi Germany, but a more benevolent approach in the post-war West. It evaluates how social research thrives on method, but relies on politics to take its cue and therefore topics such as cloning research are as relevant and as popular as a social science study not only because the pure science has advanced so much that such a feat is possible, but because the politicians in America and other more conservative countries have cried out long and hard against it.
From the Paper
"Eugenics, viewed today rightfully as a racist study of genetics, had surprisingly innocuous roots: It began in Stanford University, and one of its proponents was Alexander Graham Bell. From these surprising roots, eugenics became the driving force for Hitler to exterminate the Jews, whom he believed were genetically inferior and therefore pollutants to the Aryan race. Such spurious philosophies were not relegated only to the government offices to Hitler?s cabinet meetings. Nor were they relegated only to the Army and to those who carried out Hitler?s maniacal vision. No, the politics in Hitler?s social theories affected social research in Germany to the extent that talented philosophers, scientists and sociologists were swayed to follow Hitler down his path of racism and violence."
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Power Regulation, 2002.
Report on the history of electricity.
3,390 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the history of commercial and domestic energy use. It covers the conversion methods necessary to obtain electricity, the infrastructure required for the production, transfer and distribution of power, the generation and distribution of electricity in the U.S., the different methods available to generate electricity and the purpose and the effect of the deregulation of the power industry in the U.S.
History of Electricity
Electricity Generation and Distribution in the U.S.
Methods of Electricity Generation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Electricity is a secondary source of energy. It is obtained by converting primary sources of energy like coal, natural gas, oil (examples of potential energy); hydraulic and wind sources (kinetic energy); or nuclear energy into electrical energy. Electricity generators covert energy from primary energy sources to forms of secondary (electric) energy. Although generating electricity was easy, the ability to transport it over long distances proved difficult. George Westinghouse developed the transformer, which allowed power to be transmitted efficiently across long distances. A transformer changes electricity from low voltage to high voltage. Electricity can be transported over long distances more efficiently at a high voltage. "
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The ?No Child Left Behind Act?, 2002.
An examination of the educational reform - ?No Child Left Behind Act?.
1,509 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the ?No Child Left Behind Act, 2001?, which is the latest attempt by the federal government to introduce tougher measures to arrest the trend of falling standards in education especially among the less privileged. It discusses the development of public education in the U.S.A., the political nature of education and its historical and socio-cultural aspects. The aims of the "No Child Left Behind Act" in these areas as well as its pros and cons are also examined.
From the Paper
"From the earliest days of America?s independence, its founding fathers had realized the importance of education for the prosperity and survival of the new nation. Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence, called education a ?crusade against ignorance? and suggested a system of free schools for all persons that would be publicly supported through taxes. (Powell) Jefferson?s vision formed the basis of the US public schools system developed in the 19th century leading to free and compulsory elementary level school education for all American school children. American educators such as Horace Mann were instrumental in the 1830s and 1840s to introduce reforms focused on elementary education. The reforms were based on the notion that all young children should be schooled, and that the content of education should be the same for everyone. Mann believed that: ?The scientific or literary well-being of a community is to be estimated not so much by possessing a few men of great knowledge, as its having many men of competent knowledge.? (Quoted by Powell)"
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Rural Healthcare, 2002.
An examination of the issues faced in the medical field in rural communities.
1,937 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the rising costs as well as the delivery of quality health care in rural areas have moved to the forefront of many debates. It examines how health care in rural areas carries its own set of needs, reforms, and problems which include the difficulty in locating and retaining quality professionals, paying them enough to stay, providing up to date equipment and enticing insurance companies to allow them to act as providers. It looks at how providing quality care in the rural health care setting has been an ongoing challenge for those in the medical field as well as the insurance industry and how legislative bills have been passed to try and improve the rural health care plight.
From the Paper
"One of the most difficult problems in the delivery of rural health care is the cost of the care. For years insurance companies have primarily focused on the need for affordable premiums and care costs in urban areas(Silbaugh, 1996). The concentration stemmed from the public demand for better care, more affordable care and more accessible care. Naturally the urban areas have a denser population so that the voice of the urban areas is going to be louder and more dense than the rural areas. The old adage ?Its the squeaky wheel that gets the oil? held true in the insurance industry and for many years the concentration was focused on the metropolitan cities. While this was seen as a positive for those areas it meant that many of the rural areas were ignored in the health care delivery debates and plans."
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