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September, 11th, 2006.
An in-depth discussion regarding the September, 11th terrorist attacks.
3,158 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at September, 11th 2001, when two planes crashed into the World Trade Center. According to the paper, intelligence agencies report that Al Qaeda and Osama Bin Laden were responsible for this barbaric act, which killed thousands and affected millions. The paper goes on to review the '9/11 Commission' set up to investigate this horrific event.
Outline:
Introduction
Disaster
Responsibilities
Motives
Reactions
International and Public
International Reaction
Local Public Response
Aftermath Strategy
Domestic Front
International Front
Federal Response
Government Account Office Response
Imminent Threats
Modification of Building Codes
Psychological Impact of 9/11 and Bioterrorism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The economic activity of Lower Manhattan, which is considered to be the third largest business district of U.S, was damaged considerably because of terrorist attacks. Thirty percent (28.7 million sq. ft) of Lower Manhattan office space was either damaged or destroyed. The 41-story Deutsche Bank Building, neighboring the World Trade Center, was damaged extensively; the building was considered to be unfit for habitation and was subjected to demolition."
"North American airspace was sealed for several days after the attack. The air travel reduced significantly after it's reopening, as the threat of terrorist activities still prevailed and people were much under psychological impact. The attacks led to nearly a 20% cutback in air travel capacity, and severely aggravated financial problems in the struggling U.S. Airline Industry."
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Israel & Hezbollah, 2006.
A discussion regarding the conflict between Israel and Hezbollah.
1,675 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the history and continuous tension and conflict between Israel and Hezbollah. The paper reports that both sides dislike each other vehemently and the borders between Israel and Lebanon have seen near-constant incidents of violence over the years.
Outline:
Introduction: Key historical issues between Israel and their Arab Neighbors Living in Palestine and Lebanon
Key Issues: Identification of key issues or disputes
Recent and Current Policy
National Interests and Goals
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The bitterness between the two sides notwithstanding, Pascual writes that Lebanon must address three "enormous challenges." Those three are, to first "mitigate the immediate impacts of war so those returning to destroyed homes and livelihoods can begin to rebuild their lives." That is going to be an unbelievable task, since the Brookings Institute (a nonprofit organization that has international influence on policy decisions) reports that the recent war "displaced 1 million people, a quarter of Lebanon's population," and it destroyed 30,000 housing units. It also destroyed "crops and tourism" in the southern part of Lebanon, taking away two "main sources of income" for Lebanese citizens. The second major challenge is to build "critical social, economic and physical infrastructure," Pascual asserted. To do this, around $3.5 billion will be needed, and the focus should be on "putting to work Lebanon's strongest asset: the private sector. "
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War: No Justification for the Consequences, 2006.
A discussion regarding war and its consequences.
1,484 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how war has been waged for thousands of years, dating back to ancient civilizations like Greece, Macedonia, Hittites, China, the Three Kingdoms etc. The paper reports that through the years, warfare has evolved. With the invention of gunpowder by the Chinese around 300 - 650 AD, and the introduction of smokeless gunpowder in 1886 by Paul Vieille, war has quickly become a means for countries to extend their borders and influence friends and neighbors alike through strong arm tactics. The paper goes on to discuss how there is never any action without consequences but throughout history, leaders have always been more concerned with the outcome of the conflict than with the consequences of their actions.
Outline:
Introduction
CONGO: Africa's First World War
Middle East: War-A way of Life
Conclusion
From the Paper
"War and the Middle East have had an ongoing love affair for centuries now. Dating back from the Ottoman and Persian Empires to modern day Iraq and the Palestinian territories, conflicts on a grand scale have existed there. Today, the focus is on the Palestinian and Israeli conflict and the devastation caused by both sides. With the lack of a modern day military Palestinian militants have adopted a brand of guerilla warfare, with suicide bombers killing themselves, along with innocent Israeli civilians, in the name of Allah. On the other side you have the Israeli military, arguably the best trained military in the world, conducting military campaigns across the border in hopes of destroying the militant infrastructure. This conflict has been going on for years and there seems to be no end in sight. "
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Pre-Emptive Strike on Iraq, 2007.
An argument in favour of the war in Iraq.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how the U.S. preemptive strike on Iraq was both inevitable and overdue. The paper analyzes how critics of the current war in Iraq feel that the weapons of mass destruction (WMD) problem was exaggerated by the Bush administration. The paper then points out that President Bush's decision to go to war with Iraq was based on intelligence shared by previous presidential administrations. The paper further analyzes how other critics of the war point out the supposed lack of terrorist groups in Iraq. The writer argues that this could not be further from the truth and that Iraq is a state supporter of terrorism.
From the Paper
"During the Gulf War, Hussein sponsored several failed terrorist attacks on U.S. soil. According to the U.S. Department of State, "The Iraqi intelligence service attempted to assassinate former U.S. President George Bush during a visit to Kuwait" ("Significant Terrorist Incidents, 1961-2003: A Brief Chronology"). As Hussein's WMD program grew, the U.S. became more concerned that he might share new WMD technology with terrorist organizations ("Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction Programs"). For example, Iraq had assisted in the creation of the Abu Nidal Organization, providing it training, logistical support, and funding."
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Canadian National Security and Privacy, 2007.
This paper examines Canadian security and privacy issues following the events of 9/11.
2,406 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of issues surrounding borders and customs in Canada following the events of 9/11. The writer explores changes that have taken place and the impact of those changes on the privacy of Canadian citizens. In particular, the writer uses the Canadian Constitution and the Charter of Rights to examine this issue. The author concludes that since the events of 9/11, it has become necessary to re-evaluate national security measures in Canada, while at the same time ensuring that the privacy of Canada's citizens is protected as well.
Outline:
Introductions
Customs and Borders
Charter Issues
When All is Said and Done
From the Paper
"Since the events of 9-11 the two most important areas of concern for Canadian officials have been customs and border issues. Because the terrorist who committed the attacks on the New York City World Towers used commercial airplanes to commit those attacks the Canadian officials along with the rest of the world has moves toward increasing air travel safety and border regulations to insure terrorists do not have access either by land or by air."
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United Nations, 2006.
A discussion regarding the United Nations (UN) and its current policy towards Iraq and Liberia.
760 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the role of the United Nations (UN). The paper points out that the UN is "an organization of nations that was formed in 1945 to promote peace, security, and international cooperation." The paper focuses specifically on the role of the UN in Iraq and Liberia, two countries where the UN is currently promoting peace and security.
From the Paper
"The Office of the Iraq Program was established to implement UN enacted sanctions against Iraq. Contracts for aid had to be approved by this committee and as such any member country could place a hold on contracts that could be construed as assisting in Iraqi military purposes. R1051 was enacted and contained a list of items that were banned due to their potential to be utilized as military weapons. The US considered R1051 inadequate, thus placing holds on all contracts by other countries with Iraq (Rempel). "
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Myanmar, 2007.
This paper examines the southeast Asian nation of Myanmar, also known as Burma.
2,408 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that since 1988, the people of Myanmar have suffered under the leadership of a repressive military junta. The writer notes that current conditions in Myanmar not only force residents to live in fear, but also have brought about economic sanctions and reductions in foreign investment that have hurt the population's standard of living. Further the writer maintains that the situation in Myanmar has received global attention, but that bringing political and human rights reforms to this rogue nation has proven difficult. The writer concludes that a stable, democratic Myanmar will be a better economic partner for China, Russia and Myanmar's neighbors. One can expect that these nations, individually and through global and regional organizations, will eventually press for stability and reform in Myanmar.
Outline:
Major Nations Undermine UN Efforts
Despite Strength, ASEAN Takes Weak Approach
Sanctions Can Work in Myanmar
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Regrettably, as long as China and Russia sit on the UN Security Council and as long as they have economic interests in Myanmar, it will be difficult for the UN to be a driving factor for change in Myanmar. The real hope is that China and Russia may one day realize that their current positions are somewhat short-sighted. After all, a more politically and economically stable Myanmar may prove to be a better economic partner. This is a logical philosophical leap that China and Russia may one day make, but, for now, it does not appear to be in the cards."
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"Technology, War and Fascism", 2006.
A review of Herbert Marcuse's book, "Technology, War and Fascism".
1,933 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the book "Technology, War and Fascism" by Herbert Marcuse. According to the paper, Marcuse wrote these essays in the 1940s and 1950s, and they have been gathered together into a collection by his son. The paper reports that Marcuse was a liberal philosopher, famous in the 20th century for his liberal thought and understanding. The paper discusses how this book outlines Marcuse's philosophy on war, and the growing technology in the U.S. and the world at the time.
From the Paper
"After discussing Germany in such detail, the book outlines three projects Marcuse worked on while he worked for the U.S. State Department. These projects all dealt with German subjects, mostly German civil affairs and the disillusion of the Nazi Party after the war. At the time they were written, these were all classified documents. Marcuse notes that he did all the writing for these projects, while he had aides that helped gather and interpret data. He also notes a variety of publications used in evaluating the data. This section shows how involved the U.S. was in restoring Germany to its former democratic state and how experts such as Marcuse (and many others) helped them formulate plans in this regard. This is a small section of the book, but it is an important glimpse into history, and creates more impact for the overall reading of the book. "
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Culture and the Atomic Bomb, 2007.
This paper examines the effect of the atomic bomb on the U.S. with regards to politics and culture.
1,429 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of the atomic bomb in U.S. history. Specifically, the writer analyzes the impact of the atomic bomb on American politics and culture in the decade-and-a-half after the explosion of the first Atomic weapon over Hiroshima. The writer notes that it changed the status of the United States in global politics and that it helped create the Cold War with the Soviet Union. Further the writer points out that it changed American culture almost overnight. The writer maintains that American politics would never be the same after the bombs exploded over Japan and notes that the threat of nuclear war still hangs over the globe today.
From the Paper
"Magazines published graphic drawings of what to do in case of a nuclear attack, including the proper attire to protect from the "heat flash." While many things were changing in American culture, the roles of men and women were still quite distinct. Women had certain roles to fulfill in Civil Defense, such as hospital or medical work, driving cars, and childcare. Men, however, were more apt to serve as fire fighters, volunteer police, air-raid wardens, and rebuilding after an attack. As the country returned to normal after the war, women stayed home to raise the family, while men went off to work. It would take more than atomic bombs to change the acceptable roles women held in society, and it would not happen in the two decades following the bombing of Japan."
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War for Resources, 2007.
An analysis of the link between environmental stresses and conflict.
3,276 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the links between aggression and environmental stress, in that damage to the environment often leads to conflict over resources and then to war. The paper specifically discusses the views of Richard Matthew, who argues in "Conserving the Peace" that the links between environmental stress and conflict can be distilled into four categories: unsustainable use of resources, inequitable access to resources, use of resources to finance conflict and incompatible uses leading to conflict.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Unsustainable Use of Resources
Inequitable Access to Resources
Use of Resources to Finance Conflict
Incompatible Uses Leading to Conflict
Water
Solutions in Progress
Conclusion
From the Paper
"If we do not respond to environmental problems, social disintegration, war and famine will increasingly plague the planet. To have peace, we need sustainable development. Peace is not simply the absence of war, violence, and hostility--it is reconciliation, human flourishing, and natural beauty. We have the ability to provide basic and adequate resources for everyone living on Earth so that no one is trapped in poverty while others enjoy abundant wealth. We can change social policies that dispossess the poor of their land and ignore their property rights. "For the first time in history, technology and science enable us to understand Earth's ecology and our impact on it, to control population growth, and to increase the carrying capacity in ways never before imagined" (Steven A. LeBlanc cited in Coles, 2004). If we make a systematic effort, we can restore balance and nurture an environment conducive to peace."
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Alger Hiss, 2007.
An analysis of the implications of the Alger Hiss spy scandal in the United States.
4,297 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Alger Hiss spy scandal which pointed out a series of problems the American intelligence community faced during the Cold War years. The paper also discusses the way in which this case represented a milestone in the judicial practice of the US courts, especially because they relied on official documents to support and make their decision.
From the Paper
"On the other hand, documents such as no 1579 point out a different controversy. Apparently the name "Hiss" is mentioned in the 1943 telegram sent from New York to Moscow, which would conclude that the Russian secret intelligence was well aware of Alger Hiss and in good contact with him. However, opposing opinions draw the attention on the fact that "the name 'Hiss' was not translated by the Venona cryptanalysts, because it appeared just that way in the original: 'Spelled out in the Latin alphabet'" . Moreover, the absence of the first name did not indicate clearly whether it was Alger or his brother, both engaged in the State Department activities. Lowenthal concludes that considering the fact that "Hiss' is the only one of the six real names in the GRU message that appears without a first name and without a cover name", the document would not indicate Hiss to be a spy, but rather a reference."
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Jemaah Islamiyah, 2006.
A review of the terrorist organization, Jemaah Islamiyah.
3,029 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the roots and dynamics of Jemaah Islamiyah as an Islamic militant group and terrorist organization. This paper discusses the extant literature looking into the roots and dynamics of JI as a politico-religious organization.
Outline:
Introduction
II. Research Objectives
III. Roots of Jemaah Islamiyah as a Politico-Religious Organization
IV. Dynamics of Jemaah Islamiyah as a Politico-Religious
Organization: Links with Al Qaeda
V. Summary & Conclusion
From the Paper
"Chehab (2006) resounded the Singh's report on the dominant prejudice against militant groups like the JI, mainly because: (1) they use violence and/or force in accomplishing its holy war, and (2) they are allegedly collaborating and affiliating with Al-Qaeda in committing these terrorist/violent acts. If, more than anything, the offensive attack against Al-Qaeda further intensified the animosity between Muslims and Americans, proving that despite the prejudiced, dominant view against Muslims as terrorists, Chehab concedes that despite the crippling of Al-Qaeda as a terrorist group, "other groups have succeeded in making the arduous journey" (3). Whether these terrorist actions are motivated individually or collectively, the continuous commitment of terrorist attacks and "holy war" violent acts demonstrate that, as Wright-Neville posited earlier, the continuous dominance of the status quo, that is, US power and democracy as the dominant social order, results to the continued struggle of the Muslims to break this status quo."
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The Global Community, 2007.
This paper argues in favor of economic globalization.
927 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the economic benefits of globalization to both industrialized and developing nations. The author believes that when markets are global and protectionism is minimized, nations can focus on producing what they can manufacture efficiently, rather than what they can only produce at great cost, because they lack the natural resources to do so. Various objections to globalization are presented, with the writer challenging each argument.
From the Paper
"The allegation that globalization costs workers their jobs is not a new one, however. Even before outsourcing, it was alleged that globalization allowed American businesses to profit off of the lower wages in developing nations, and exploit the labor in these low-wage countries, particularly of poorly paid industrial workers such as women and children. According to anti-globalization activist Robert Weissman, "the last 20 years of corporate globalization, even measured by the preferred indicators of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank, have been a disaster for the world's poor." (Weissman, 2001) Weissman alleges that these international organizations are dominated by U.S. interests and assumptions about what constitutes economic health, and forced nations to privatize their national industries and deal with more powerful Western businesses, whether this was in the nation's interest or whether their populations desired this to be the case. "Over the last two decades, Latin America has experienced stagnant growth, and African countries have seen incomes plummet," due to the forced promotion of exports and reduction of trade barriers that penalize weaker nations still developing their infrastructures. (Weissman, 2001)"
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Ten Forces That Flatten the World, 2007.
An discussion of "The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century" by Thomas L. Friedman.
2,605 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Friedman's "The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century" in which Friedman explores the significant changes that have taken place in the hi-tech industry during the past few years and severely criticizes those who do not embrace these changes. The paper discusses how Friedman believes the world to be flat due to the following ten factors: 11/9/89, 8/9/95, work flow software, open-sourcing, outsourcing, offshoring, supply-chaining, in-sourcing, in-forming and the steroids. The paper demonstrates how Friedman portrays these factors as flattening the world and breaking past barriers to create a globalized economy and environment.
From the Paper
"The chapter begins with Friedman's story of a walk in Berlin, glancing at the nearly fallen down German wall. The author believes that not only was the construction a painful scar on Berlin's face, but it also represented the impediment in worldwide unification as it divided countries. "The Berlin Wall was not only blocking our way; it was blocking our sight -- our ability to think about the world as a single market, a single ecosystem, and a single community..." (The World Is Flat, Chapter 2, "The Ten Forces That Flattened the World", p. 48)"
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Genocide, 2007.
This paper defines genocide and its implications today.
780 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how, although genocide is considered to be one of the greatest crimes against humanity, few countries are actually wiling to become actively involved in stopping it. The paper points out how there have been numerous examples of the UN failing to prevent the death of millions of people throughout the world, such as in Rwanda. The paper explains that the crime of genocide has led to the notion of humanitarian intervention. The paper also shows, however, that the lack of a general consent and political will impedes assistance and contributes towards turning a crisis into a tragedy.
From the Paper
"Most often, the rightfulness of the political scene is determined in relation to the norms instituted by international law. From this perspective, for most of the 20th century, the UN Charter was the legal basis for decisions taken by democratic countries as it took into consideration the basic "principle of the sovereign equality of all its members". (Schlesinger, 2003, p 296) This automatically determines a refrain for any actions that member states of the UN did not agree upon. After the end of the Cold War however, the new historical context imposed a certain restructuring of international law and thus, the notion of humanitarian intervention became available for justifying any possible political and military reactions to the phenomenon of genocide."
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Globalization Then and Now, 2007.
This paper looks at the beginnings of globalization and discusses globalization in current times.
1,238 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that modern globalization is generally understood to be the expansion of businesses and corporate interests to foreign markets either to increase their consumer base or to utilize a cheap workforce. The writer then notes that the history of globalization really dates back to colonial and even ancient time periods; when strategic and monetary aims were first being seen from an intercontinental perspective and were usually achieved to increase the power and wealth of the state. The writer concludes that outside of the political factors that helped to create our economy, technological advances in travel and communications have aided globalization, and at the same time been fostered by it.
From the Paper
"Within the Roman Empire, for example, numerous Germanic clans - most notably the Goths - desperately sought to incorporate themselves into the powerful Roman state because it offered them economic opportunities as well as safety from invading tribes, like the Huns. Additionally, through most of Roman history, incorporating these people into the Empire was beneficial; conquered lands meant more slaves, more citizens meant more soldiers, more lands meant a more food, and all of these meant a more opulent lifestyle was possible for the ruling culture or class. Although ancient globalization centered on military operations, the ultimate goal was quite analogous to present day globalization: increasing the wealth of the expansionists. Modern expansionists, however, achieve their aims with far less bloodshed and no longer need the people they draw their wealth from to be subjugated by their homeland. Accordingly, the primary difference between the form of globalization evident in ancient times and the form prevalent in modern times is the current absence of military enforcement and the limited role of the state."
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Globalization and Colonialism, 2007.
An analysis of the similarities and differences between colonialism and globalization as they relate to the economy.
1,005 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the concepts of globalization and colonialism as they relate to the economy. The paper defines each term individually and then examines the similarities and differences in the two concepts. It then defines neocolonialism and argues that society continues to live in a neocolonial world. The paper then provides reasons that support this argument.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Colonialism
Globalization
Similarities
Differences
Neocolonialism
From the Paper
"The main similarity between globalization and colonialism is the fact that it is economically driven and nonmilitary by nature (Massey, 2004). The underlying economic power in the globalization process is similar by nature to what happens in a colonialism effort between two geographic areas. In addition the effort to globalize is in some ways dovetailing with the colonialism efforts of history as it provides the weakening of the former financial structuring and places a stronger unified system in its place. While this is an important component of the two systems it is where the similarities end. The differences are much more obvious and evident."
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Free Trade, 2007.
This paper discusses free trade and looks at the economic benefits of current agreements between the US and its economic partners.
5,132 words (approx. 20.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 128.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that while tariffs were once popular in the historical past as a way of protecting the national economy from the forces of competition, today most economists agree that free trade has more benefits for both countries engaging in such trade than drawbacks. The writer notes that the United States-Israel Free Trade Agreement, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the Canada-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement, are all treaties that have attempted to curtail or eliminate tariffs between the agreeing nations with the aim of improving international business. These agreements are discussed. The writer concludes that by rendering nations more interdependent upon one another in the developed and developing worlds, persons living in areas of the globe, from Canada to Costa Rica, from Mexico to Israel to the United States, will have a greater interest in maintaining peace and stability between nations of different cultures.
From the Paper
"The United States-Israel Free Trade Agreement, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the Canada-Costa Rica Free Trade Agreement, are all treaties that have attempted to curtail or eliminate tariffs between the agreeing nations with the aim of improving international business. The US-Israel Free Trade Agreement was the first of its kind, and has since become a model for other free trade agreements. The US-Israel Free Trade Agreement allowed American products to compete with European goods on the Israel domestic market. It was agreed upon between countries in 1985 and eliminated almost all restrictions and duties on trade between the United States and Israel. A non-binding declaration of trade in services was also included in the FTA, providing for the elimination of barriers in industries pertaining to tourism, communications, banking, insurances, management, consulting, accounting, law, computer sciences, and advertising."
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