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Business Ethics of Exxon, 2007.
An analysis of how the Exxon company and its unethical corporate conduct in the past has affected the way businesses in general must operate.
5,890 words (approx. 23.6 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses certain business decisions made by Exxon and their impact on other businesses. It describes the background to each instance of unethical corporate conduct on the part of Exxon. It discusses the ethical considerations that evolved from these instances and the addition of new regulations that the industry has seen in response to the Exxon incidents.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Business Impact of Exxon and Ethical Considerations
Introduction
Grand Bois, Louisiana Overview
Analysis of the Factors that Led to Grand Bois
Exxon Valdez Analysis
Exxon's Pipeline from Chad to the Atlantic
Industry Specific Impact of Exxon's Ethical Dilemmas
Business Impacts of Exxon's Ethical Dilemmas
Recommendations for Future Research
Discussion
From the Paper
"And lastly, the effects of businesses in general seem to be mostly in agreement by the authors. An increased need for social responsibility has been inflicted on businesses, due to the Exxon incidents. Situational ethics is no longer acceptable to society, and instead, a common morality is mandated. And, although Bowen and Power (1993) did not name the decision to reduce personnel onboard the Valdez as ethically critical decision, they do agree with the other researchers in the need for Exxon, and businesses in general, to consider the ethical implications of their proposed actions prior to thinking profit, and that by focusing on doing 'right' the financial rewards will then follow."
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Affordable Housing, 2007.
This paper explores the issue of affordable housing and the use of exclusionary and inclusionary zoning.
5,150 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 128.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the lack of affordable housing in the United States is a severe and growing crisis with no solution in sight. The paper determines the legal bounds of the zoning power given to governments and municipalities and provides an explanation of the law behind exclusionary and inclusionary practices. The paper examines the legal issues raised by these zoning ordinances. The paper also discusses the state of the current law as it applies to affordable housing and concludes with a discussion regarding the social and economic impacts raised by exclusionary and inclusionary zoning.
Outline:
Introduction
History of "Affordable Housing"
Background of Zoning Laws and Zoning Power
Exclusionary Housing
Inclusionary Housing
Legal Issues Raised by Zoning
Economic and Social Implications of Exclusionary and Inclusionary Housing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the past few decades, the lack of affordable housing in the United States has emerged as a crisis effecting low-income residents, government agencies and municipalities, and real estate developers alike. The lack of available affordable housing has increased in the past few years, as a result of zoning ordinances and governmental zoning powers that are supported and upheld by the courts. While there are no immediate solutions to this problem, a number of legal scholars have examined the relevant cases and have written extensively on the subject."
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The Solution to Global Warming, 2007.
This paper discusses the greenhouse effect, the resulting global warming and the approach necessary to address this problem.
1,224 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that the world needs to act to curb the greenhouse effect and the resulting global warming. The paper examines how human activity related to industrialization has upset the natural balance of greenhouse gases that have kept this planet habitable. The paper also discusses how people have tried to address the problem of global warming through technology and legislation and argues that a balanced and global approach must be adopted to bring the greenhouse gases back to their original levels. The paper asserts that people must be willing to make sacrifices, to use less gas and to convert to more renewable energy sources.
From the Paper
"The planet's natural ability to trap heat at necessary has kept if habitable for over four billion years, and maintaining this delicate balance is important for the planet's survival. The thermal blanket of heating gases has kept the earth warm and habitable. If not for these gases, the earth's temperature would plunge to an estimated 59 degrees Fahrenheit, making it uninhabitable for most of the living organisms on earth today (EPA)."
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Emergency Disaster Planning, 2007.
A review of effective emergency disaster planning for families.
3,073 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the need for effective emergency disaster planning, particularly the storing of emergency kits. It details what should be included in the kits and lists books that can be read to help prepare the average family. The paper discusses past emergency situations in the United States and how the country should learn from those experiences. The paper concludes with excerpts from Patty Wipfler's article "Helping Our Children Deal with Shocking Events."
Table of Contents:
In Case of an Emergency
Ponder, Plan and Practice
General Emergency "Kit" Guidelines
Past Lessons
Current Considerations
Moving Forward
Somewhat Prepared?
From the Paper
"Think through specific needs and various scenarios. At work, it is a good idea to store several protein bars and a small backpack with toiletries, critical medication, some water and food. It's also a good ides to keep a small emergency disaster kit in a car," experts recommend."
"At home, along with an emergency kit or kits, determine a course of action for emergency and disaster situations. Know evacuation routes. Identify a place family members can meet if they are separated. Each family member needs to have an emergency contact list that includes names and phone numbers for immediate family members and also relatives who live out-of-town. It is a good idea to have two escape routes. One plan is needed for each person to get out of each room; the other, the best way to out of the house. Experts recommend that after the plan is mapped out, it is practiced on a regular basis. (Ibid.)"
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Satellites and Deforestation, 2007.
This paper explores how satellite imagery has affected deforestation in the Amazon.
2,135 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that satellite imagery has affected the deforestation of the Amazon by detecting problems such as road building, mining operations, fires where land is being cleared for crops, logging operations, dam projects and clearing for building projects. The results of these satellite images also indicate rising heat indexes, less forest and damage to the ecological system that exists in the Amazon. The paper reveals how satellites determine data and offers general information about the technology.
Outline:
How Satellites Determine Data
What Satellite Imagery Tells Scientists About the Amazon
How Satellite Imagery Affects the Rainforest
The Types of Satellites Used and General Information About the Technology
From the Paper
"The amount of water or ice particles in the air can be measured by a satellite sensor and this determines part of the information that will tell what is going on, back on earth. Together with satellite visual imagery, the information can give a scientist an amazing amount of information. An article in Satellite Data Applications: Weather and Climate talks about how satellites may measure the physically based parameterization of cloud processes and cloud water. (Weng 407) These measurements are used in a SSMI/Cloud Liquid Water algorithm to find out how the clouds are affected by the thermal emission. (Earth 2005)"
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The Henderson Multigenerational Center, 2007.
A description and analysis of the Henderson Multigenerational Center, in Henderson, Nevada.
848 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the Henderson Multigenerational Center, which is a recreational center that offers opportunities for exercise and game time, has a large aquatic complex with both indoor and outdoor pools and has a computer lab and an art gallery. The paper relates that the facility can be home to cultural events, lectures and courses as well as to sports leagues and teams. The paper notes that the recreational center can also be enjoyed by the physically and mentally challenged because its facilities were built with diversity in mind. The paper points out an environmental concern but concludes that the Multigenerational Center at Henderson is an inspiration for facility designers, planners and managers.
Outline:
Background of Facility
Description of Facility
Analysis of Facility
Analysis of Focus Area
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Multigenerational Center is located in Henderson, Nevada, a city that John F. Kennedy called a "city of destiny" (cited on "City History"). Today, Henderson is the second-largest city in Nevada. Its motto is "A Place to Call Home," and the Henderson Multigenerational Center reflects the demographics of the growing family-oriented community. Built in 2002 by the Dekker Perich Holmes Sabatini architectural firm, the recreational center also includes a large aquatic complex with both indoor and outdoor pools. Combined with the aquatic complex the Henderson Multigenerational Center totals 84,120 square feet (Brown, 2006)."
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Global Warming, 2007.
This paper discusses global warming as a man-induced condition that has produced a real environmental problem.
1,119 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer maintains that global warming represents the single major environmental problem of the 21st century. The writer points out that man's quest for development has contributed to environmental degradation and depletion of natural resources. The natural equilibrium of earth is altered by man-made conditions. Today, the writer notes that while a strong majority of the people believe that global warming represents a real threat and a serious problem that deserves our immediate attention, there are yet others who continue to attribute it as a natural phenomenon or one without economically viable interventions. The writer provides a brief description of global warming and then discusses the reasons why this condition or process is disturbing.
Outline:
Introduction
Global Warming (A real problem)
Undeniable Facts
Conclusion
From the Paper
"What is disturbing, however, is the man induced increase in greenhouse gases, which now trap more heat and thereby increase the temperature of earth more than usual. Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased dramatically due to human activities. Scientists have found that the atmospheric concentration of CO2, one of the important greenhouse gases has increased by over 30% in the post industrial revolution period. The burning of fossil fuels has contributed to this huge increase in CO2, Methane, nitrous oxide and other greenhouse gases. Environmental scientists state that the average increase of Earth's temperature, which was 1 F per century, has over the last three decades increased to 4 F per century. The UN intergovernmental panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has reported that man-made greenhouse pollution over the last fifty years is directly responsible for this rapid warming up of the Earth. If industrial pollution and emission of greenhouse gases go unchecked, it would bear serious consequences for the delicately balanced ecosystems, which cannot adapt to this rapid, artificially induced temperature changes and consequent changes in weather patterns."
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Global Environmental Problems, 2007.
A discussion on how the pollution of coastlines makes us more vulnerable to global environmental problems.
822 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how recent disasters in North America, such as the flooding of New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, and the water table problems in Texas, show us that development of fragile environments and uncontrolled pollution of the environment can have grave consequences. The paper discusses how weather patterns are being globally changed by the patterns of human habitation. The paper concludes that, while it may take years for society to undo some of the damage done to the global ecosystem, society can and must make changes locally to limit the damage.
From the Paper
"In addition to the physical damage to barrier islands and coastline areas, salinization, that is, an increase of salt content, of these areas kills off the local wildlife, an important part of the food chain. The salinization is a consequence of human use of water for living and also of industrial use. We use the water and then let it flow back into the aquifer with extra salt. Irrigation adds even more pollutants to the water table. The salt water parts of coastal estuaries and salt water marshes creates unique niches for local wildlife."
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Urban Encroachment on Agriculture, 2007.
A discussion on urban encroachment on agriculture in Northern California.
3,702 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how, in the past few years, the continued loss of rich agricultural lands in Northern California to urban encroachment has emerged as an issue of significant concern to land use specialists, regional planners, government officials and historical researchers alike. The paper explores how the population in California is expected to increase by about one third over the next 30 years. The paper discusses how California is slowly using up all of its agricultural resources to the growth of cities to maintain the population. The paper concludes that new studies in urban planning are critical to ensure that agriculture has a secure future in Northern California.
Outline:
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
History of San Joaquin Valley
Literature Review
Future Recommendations
Bibliography
From the Paper
"In addition to population planning, the encroachment of urban growth will have severe impacts on local land use and the environment. This paper will provide a case study of the past, present and future affects of urban encroachment in Northern California, and will offer the state's governor solutions to adequately prepare the legislature for future encroachment issues. It will focus on the San Joaquin Valley area, but will touch on other areas as well. The purpose of the study is to examine the past history of urban encroachment, in correlation with statistical and graphical data, to determine the direction and pattern urban encroachment will take in the future."
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Global Warming, 2007.
An analysis of the factors affecting global warming and the current United States stance on the matter.
5,508 words (approx. 22.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 134.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses global warming and international relations. The paper discusses what the Bush administration has done and is currently doing concerning global warming. It discusses the Kyoto Protocol and some of the environmental issues that are particularly important today. The paper then discusses the issue of global warming itself, how it occurs and what kinds of changes it is already causing to the environment.
From the Paper
"Evidence shows that global warming is increasing more and more quickly, and the most rapid acceleration has been seen to be occurring since 1976 (Healy and Tapick, 2004, 120). The 1990s was the hottest decade since records were started in 1860, and also appeared to be the hottest decade within the last thousand years. It appears that the world is simply heating up, and 1998 holds the record for the hottest year, with 2002 and 2003 tied for a close second (Healy and Tapick, 2004, 96). In many areas of the country this last summer was the hottest summer on record - further evidence that the temperatures are rising more and more. Since there are so many GHGs out there and no one seems to be doing anything about them, this heat wave trend can be expected to continue, which will harm not just the United States but the entire planet. Since the United States has refused to sign the Kyoto Protocol and reduce GHG emissions, this is also going to seriously strain the international relations that the United States has with other countries."
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Green Sea Turtles, 2007.
This paper looks at the endangered species of Green Sea Turtles.
2,116 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Green Sea Turtles are an endangered species of reptiles, with humans as the prime factor in their decline. The paper shows how Green Sea Turtles are of great environmental value; they play key roles in at least two ecosystems and are invaluable to humans. The paper relates that in the Southeast United States, major attempts to save Green Sea Turtles are made. People are trying hard to ensure nesting areas for turtles and incidental mortality has been significantly reduced. The paper comments, however, that there is still more that could be done.
From the Paper
"Green Sea Turtles are, just as the majority of modern reptiles, cold-blooded (their body temperature is not constant, it depends on the environment) animals, covered in a bony shell that protects them from being attacked by predators. This shell covers both the belly and the back of the turtles (the ventral and dorsal parts), as they are known to be slow-moving animals with no other defense system."
"Although sea turtles basically have to crawl their heavy bodies on land, they are rapid swimmers - their front and rear limbs have developed into flippers, allowing them to cover up to 35 mph underwater; also, their shells are lighter and streamlined then the ones of land turtles, and more aero dynamical."
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Tornadoes, 2007.
A discussion of tornadoes from the viewpoint of an emergency management director.
1,329 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals that tornadoes are one of nature's most powerful forces. The writer explores the strengths of a tornado, the type of damage it does and the steps that can be taken to warn communities of its possible arrival. The paper discusses the Doppler radar system that can detect a tornado while it is still in the sky, the tornado siren system and trained human storm chasers and spotters. The paper explains that one of the problems with tornadoes is their unpredictability, but as emergency management teams nation wide continue to improve, the public will become increasingly safer.
Outline:
Introduction
Damages
Assessment
Warning the Public
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Out of all the natural disasters that can occur, tornadoes are often considered the most damaging and the most dangerous. While earthquakes are unpredictable, they have not developed a history in the United States of frequent occurrence or many deaths. Hurricanes, with the exception of Katrina usually provide enough advanced warning that the emergency management coordinators can provide notice to evacuate. Tornadoes, however, often strike with little or no warning and they can come in "swarms" during optimum weather conditions(Gugliotta, 2003)."
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The Great Mississippi River Flood of 1993, 2007.
A look at the extensive damage caused in the US by the Great Mississippi River Flood of 1993.
2,036 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the Great Mississippi River Flood of 1993, also known as the Great Flood of 1993, is considered unparalleled in magnitude, extent and impact and was possibly the costliest and most devastating flood to ever impact the U.S. The paper reveals that fifty deaths were reported and the total damage cost was estimated at $20 billion. The paper looks closely at the damage sustained by the land, plants, birds and animals.
From the Paper
"This record flooding occurred from May to September 1993 across North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Wisconsin and Illinois (Larson 1996). Its magnitude and severity were so overwhelming that the Flood ranks as one of the greatest natural disasters to hit the US. Around 600 river forecast points in the Midwest were above the flood stage all at the same time. It affected almost 150 major rivers and tributaries. Fifty flood deaths were reported (Larson). Causes or factors of the Great Flood were attributed the saturation of soils and increased stream levels in the fall of 1992, the snowpack in the central US, heavy rainfall in late March, the saturation of the northern ends of the Missouri River and an unusually persistent weather pattern from June to early August (Larson)."
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BP Solar, 2007.
A company history and overview of BP Solar.
1,761 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how due to technological changes, energy companies are beginning to see the benefit of investing in more efficient alternative energy opportunities. In particular, it looks at how BP solar is one such company and is currently a leader in the alternative energy field. It explores BP Solar and the contributions that it is making to assuring that the energy needs of the future are met.
Outline:
Company History and Overview
Greening of the Brand
Technological Perspectives
From the Paper
"BP is been a leader in the petroleum industry since 1908 (BP. "BP facts and figures").Its headquarters in London placed it in a strategic position to broker Persian Oil throughout the world. In 1954 it changed its name to the British Petroleum Company (BP. "BP facts and figures"). Throughout its nearly century long existence BP has seen many changes in energy needs, distribution, and procurement methods. This has placed BP in a position to anticipate future energy needs and to see trends before they happen. This advantage allows them to stay ahead of the competition in providing the world's energy needs."
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Hydrothermal Vents, 2007.
This paper examines how hydrothermal vents can be a new way to monitor the earth's core.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The paper explores hydrothermal vents and their contribution to the many biological beings that make these extreme conditions their home. The paper defines a hydrothermal vent as nothing more than a geyser that occurs on the ocean floor. The paper supports the thesis that by examining the vents' reactions to continuously changing conditions in their environment, we can gain clues as to changes that are occurring in the earth's core.
Outline:
What Are Hydrothermal Vents?
What Can Life in the Vents Tell Us?
Life in an Alien World
From the Paper
"For the most part, the ocean floor is a sparsely inhabited area of the planet. However, hydrothermal vents are teeming with life. Hydrothermal vents are home to some extremely fascinating creatures to such as tube worms, giant clams, eyeless shrimp and spider crabs (ONR 2006). Cold seeps are other areas that are similar to hydrothermal vents, but the waters in them are closer to the temperature of the surrounding waters. Cold seeps support a similar array of life. Life around these geothermal fountains is dependent upon the chemicals in the surrounding water. The most common chemicals in the water include hydrogen sulfide, methane, iron, manganese, and silica (ONR 2006). This creates an extremely harsh environment to support life."
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Firefighter Safety, 2007.
An analysis of the events surrounding the death of firefighters in California, with particular emphasis on the tools they used.
2,637 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses some of the issues and questions that have been raised about the safety of firefighters in wild-land fire situations, following the recent tragic deaths of five firefighters in southern California. It discusses some of the tools that firefighters working in wild-land fire environments are trained to use. It also discusses why some of these tools were not used in the California fire and how effective they are when they are used.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Background and Significance of This Paper
Literature Review
Procedures and Results
Discussions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The www.firehouse.com site cites statistics from the National Fire Protection Association; the NFPA gives14,900 as the number of fire department emergency vehicles that were involved in traffic accidents in 2001. The number of injuries suffered by firefighters driving their own vehicles that year was 1,325; and taken together, those two sets of accident numbers add up to 1,100 firefighter injuries that did not involve flames from the fires the firefighters were pursuing. "The statistics are alarming," the NFPA asserts, mentioning the 24 firefighters who were killed in 2001 "while responding to or returning from alarms"; 17 of those died in crashes."
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The Abalone Industry in New Zealand, 2007.
This paper describes current trends in New Zealand aquaculture, with an emphasis on the abalone industry.
1,483 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper reports on the development of a consortium of aquaculture producers in New Zealand in 2006. The goals of this consortium are discussed as well as its focus, which is the abalone industry. Abalone is a firm textured and light seafood-flavored shellfish that is an important export product. Various types of abalone are described. The significance of aquaculture to New Zealand's economy is examined, as well as the different segments of the population that are affected by this industry.
From the Paper
"New Zealand is located in the South Pacific southeast of Australia. The country contains a population of 4 million people and has a coastline equal to that of the United States of America. Although New Zealand is small in terms of landmass, its economic fishing zone covers some 1.2 million nautical miles. Because New Zealand is blessed with abundant coasts and seas, seafood is a major product of the country. Other products are ceramic arts and crafts, jade jewelry, decorative hand-blown glass, abalone jewelry, home-wares such as bed linen and placemats with a distinctive Pacific/Maori design theme, wooden toys and games made from native timbers, and natural cosmetics.
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War for Resources, 2007.
An analysis of the link between environmental stresses and conflict.
3,276 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the links between aggression and environmental stress, in that damage to the environment often leads to conflict over resources and then to war. The paper specifically discusses the views of Richard Matthew, who argues in "Conserving the Peace" that the links between environmental stress and conflict can be distilled into four categories: unsustainable use of resources, inequitable access to resources, use of resources to finance conflict and incompatible uses leading to conflict.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Unsustainable Use of Resources
Inequitable Access to Resources
Use of Resources to Finance Conflict
Incompatible Uses Leading to Conflict
Water
Solutions in Progress
Conclusion
From the Paper
"If we do not respond to environmental problems, social disintegration, war and famine will increasingly plague the planet. To have peace, we need sustainable development. Peace is not simply the absence of war, violence, and hostility--it is reconciliation, human flourishing, and natural beauty. We have the ability to provide basic and adequate resources for everyone living on Earth so that no one is trapped in poverty while others enjoy abundant wealth. We can change social policies that dispossess the poor of their land and ignore their property rights. "For the first time in history, technology and science enable us to understand Earth's ecology and our impact on it, to control population growth, and to increase the carrying capacity in ways never before imagined" (Steven A. LeBlanc cited in Coles, 2004). If we make a systematic effort, we can restore balance and nurture an environment conducive to peace."
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