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Cloning: Fun for the Whole Family, 2002.
Looks at the pros and cons of human cloning.
2,175 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 7 sources, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses recent developments and arguments in the human cell cloning debate. The author examines the anti-cloning argument, and then shifts to pro-cloning. The paper includes sources such as the Surgeon General and Dr. Jose Cibelli, the first person to clone a human embryo, as well as good sources for the cloning opposition. The paper also includes many recent developments in the cloning process.
From the Paper
"Human cloning is one of those issues where there are benefits and risks, but the benefits are prominent enough that the risks pale in comparison. There is no argument that cloning is a failsafe technology that cannot be manipulated to facilitate immoral uses, but most things can be used immorally in the wrong hands. In the right hands, human cloning technology can benefit the world and society in unprecedented ways. Cloning is an unexplored territory that must be searched and cultivated, because astounding advances are bound to be produced. As for what God would say about humans cloning humans, Robert Winston put it best when he said, '?Part of that divine spark is our intelligence and our inventiveness and that was actually a God-given tool, and that to fail to use that actually is a mistake."
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Discrimination against Human Cloning, 2002.
This paper discusses the problems related to the human cloning process.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a look at human cloning, and examines the discrimination dimension of the cloning process. The author discusses the pros and cons of cloning, religious opposition, and societal worries. The paper also discusses the problem of overpopulation, financial costs of cloning, and potential discrimination of clones from humans.
From the Paper
"Genetics is of increasing importance in the world of the 21st century. New developments in this field are finding more and more applications in every day life. Concerns about this science, due to its inherent conflicts with religious doctrine and traditional norms and unfamiliarity to the public have been frequently presented in the media. Recently, the public perception of genetics has appeared around such as human cloning. While many aspects of this subject are poorly understood, it isn?t in doubt that there raise many questions of great complexity."
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Honda: The Dependability Car, 2001.
This paper examines the reasons why Honda has been a best-selling car in the U.S. on a constant basis.
1,240 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a discussion about the reliability of Honda vehicles. The author argues that Honda is the most dependable car on the market, looking at how the car became a best-seller, consumer satisfaction, affordability, its proven track record, and low maintenance needs.
From the Paper
"There are many things that make the Honda vehicle the most dependable car on the road. When they first came on the market they were so popular there were waiting lists that could take months to get through and receive a vehicle. Almost three decades later the Honda has held its appeal. One of the reasons the Honda is so popular is the dependability that it offers."
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Artificial Minds: Autonomous Robots, 2001.
Two case-studies of relatively simple autonomous robot projects followed by a discussion of embodied cognition, emergent behaviour and how these concepts apply to the above robots.
1,595 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 2 sources, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This document is comprised of case studies of two autonomous robot projects, namely Frank Scott's Hexapod Robots, and MIT's Robot Ant Colony. Each case study describes the behaviour each robot exhibits, and technical information on how this behaviour is executed including mechanical parts, digital circuitry and programming techniques. The case studies are followed by a discussion of embodied cognition, and how the above robots' actions can be explained in terms of embodied cognition. It also discusses emergent phenomenon, both in nature and artificially intelligent robots.
From the Paper
"The Rodney series of robots refers to a group of three six-legged autonomous robots whose design is based upon Rodney Brooks' subsumption architecture. Rodney 3 is the most refined and recent robot. It supersedes both Rodney 1 & 2 and for this reason will be the focus of this summary. Rodney 3 is designed to operate in an environment featuring a slightly uneven surface that may be interrupted by many small obstacles and an occasional large obstacle, e.g. a pebbled track with the odd large stone or similar obstacle. The robot's task is to climb over the smaller objects, and to avoid objects that are too large to climb over. To achieve the climbing action, all six legs must be able to operate independently of each other. The robot travels forward in a straight line until a large object is encountered. To avoid the object, it must reverse a few steps, shift its direction and continue its forward motion."
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Ethics of Human Cloning, 2002.
An argumentative paper on the ethics and benefits of human cloning.
2,445 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the history, background and the complicated ethics regarding human cloning. The author looks at the science of cloning, pros and cons of cloning and argues that cloning is beneficial in the long run.
From the Paper
"There is no other topic in health care with more potential for controversy than human cloning. I decided to write my paper on human cloning for this very reason, it will be an even more controversial issue than abortion in the future for my generation. Indeed, cloning is a topic for the future but this future is much closer than many people would like to believe. Many have deep religious and ethical reasons for wanting a total ban on human cloning. However, there are also many people, including some scientists, who believe that the possible benefits of human cloning outweigh the risks by a huge margin. Cloning has become an issue within the past 4 years due to the realization that it is possible to clone a human being."
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Behind the Scenes of Human Cloning, 2001.
A look at the history of human cloning, its recent development and attitudes towards the phenomenon.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, $ 54.95
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Abstract
An in-depth look at aspects of human cloning. The author outlines some major points about the ethics, myths and process of human cloning. Included is an examination of various cloning foundations, the history and development of cloning, legal issues and an analysis of the ethicality and moral issues around the topic.
From the Paper
"Cloning is one of the foremost thoughts on people?s minds today. A clone is a group of genetically identical cells. The term clone also refers to a group of organisms that are genetically identical. Today science can clone an entire plant or animal, not just a group of cells. The process of cloning humans is currently being deemed unethical, but there are some in the scientific community that are in favor of this experimentation. A clone would look identical to its predecessor. All of the genes in the clone would also be the same but the application of these genes may be different. The clone would not have the same personality or mentality of his or her predecessor. Identical twins are clones of each other but they develop into two different people and are not considered to be the same. A person?s clone would grow up differently and not be subjected to the exact same environment as it?s predecessor, therefore so they may not be the same person except for in looks and genes. "
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Alternative Power, 2001.
An outline of the responsibilities and research of the renewable energy source ESEP group. In addition to describing the roles and each member of the group, the proposal explains the urgency and significance of perfecting non fossil fuel energy sources.
5,415 words (approx. 21.7 pages), 23 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This research discusses the world?s current energy crisis. Fossil energy comprises the majority of the world?s energy source; however, these fuels pose threats to the environment and do not provide a renewable source of energy. Analysts predict that the world will run out of fossil fuels in forty to fifty years. Due to this impending crisis, experts research and attempt to determine renewable energy sources that meet the world?s growing energy needs while considering the technical, environmental, financial, and social impact of these alternatives. This report summarizes four of the most developed renewable energy options that could feasibly replace fossil fuels as a source of energy, including fuel cells, solar power, wind power, and hydroelectric power. Fuel cells use substances such as methanol and oxygen to react and provide energy; however, obtaining a clean, reliable hydrogen source and lowering the cost must precede implementation. Solar power harnesses the sun?s thermal with photovoltaic cells to produce electricity; the paper focuses on concentrating solar technologies and the addition research required to employ this alternative fuel source. Wind power uses turbines situated in a field to capture the kinetic energy of the wind; as one of the most frequently used renewable energy resources, this solution may become feasible as prices decrease. Hydropower uses flowing water through a system of turbines and generators to produce vast amounts of clean energy, but its environmental impacts are serious and widespread. All of these renewable energy sources have advantages and disadvantages when it comes to producing energy on a large scale. Some of these factors include cost, efficiency, environmental factors, and political and social factors. The report recommends an increase in research for each of these fields, and concludes that these renewable energy sources will only develop if society as a whole accepts the financial burden that accompanies them. Overall, the financial burden of renewable resources does not compare to the devastating effects that continued fossil energy usage will leave on the environment.
From the Paper
"As the global energy crisis worsens, scientists and researchers internationally race to refine and implement renewable energy resources to provide societies basic power needs that do not depend upon the consumption of natural resources. Within the next century, if energy consumers continue to rely on resources such as coal, petroleum, and other fossil fuels at the current rate, society will deplete its fuel reserves, specifically petroleum, to the extent that alternate power sources become necessary to maintain current standards of living based on power sources. Environmentalists, scientists, and the general public target fossil fuel usage as the primary cause for the environment?s poor condition; renewable resources will offer an opportunity to prevent and possibly improve damage caused by pollution from power procurement. Globally, consumers are ill-prepared for our inevitable reliance upon renewable energy resources; moreover, developing countries in the process of electrifying their citizens will not have the means to progress in the same energy-technology development cycle and cannot base their tenuous energy dependence on a rapidly waning fuel source. In the absence of fossil fuels, people must rely on new forms of transportation and energy to power our increasingly
technology-based society. Renewable resources, such as fuel cells, solar power, wind power, and hydro power offers an environmentally-savvy alternative to fossil fuels, yet many of these technologies require further research, refinement, and optimization before we can rely upon them as a substitute for fossil fuels in basic power needs (SolarPACES 1). The problem involves ensuring global preparedness when low energy reserves mandate the use of renewable energy resources through proper allocation of renewable energy technology, ethical support from the public and the government, financial flexibility, and environmental sustainability."
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Frankenstein versus the Future, 2002.
Discusses the possibility of a real present day Frankenstein and the psychological effects that may accompany it.
1,330 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Dr. Victor Frankenstein's creation, thought to be impossible by many, may not be so far fetched in the real world. The author makes comparisons between the monster's creation and modern medical techniques, such as transplantation and cloning.
From the Paper
"Mary Shelley?s Frankenstein portrays an epic description of immortality. In this movie, many questions are raised dealing with the possibility of raising the dead and living forever. Is this scientifically possible? Is this morally right? Would we be able to handle having this knowledge and only using it when it became appropriate, and in what cases would it ever be appropriate? The answers to these questions are unknown at this moment in time but soon may be unveiled by the flourishing knowledge of science."
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James Watson and Francis Crick, 2001.
1,395 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 9 sources, $ 46.95
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This paper takes a look at the two men who worked together, merging data from chemistry, physics, and biology to produce the DNA model the double helix, which earned them the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology.
From the Paper
"The Cambridge setting is where Watson first met Francis Crick, a man that was as influential to the discovery of the double helix structure as Watson himself. Watson and Crick soon began having daily lunches to discuss the many aspects of DNA. One point of view that brought them together was their mutual stress on DNA over proteins, which many scientists thought proteins to be more important. Watson and Crick shared an attraction to DNA, and when they wound up in the same University of Cambridge lab, they bonded. To summarize the events after their collaboration, ?They used several models and a trial and error method to make their historical discovery? (Portugal 264). Watson drifted from pure science into administration. As director of the molecular-biology lab at Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., he turned it into a scientific powerhouse. He also served as ?head of the Human Genome Project, absorbing some fallout from the high-energy ethical debates whose fuse he and Crick had lighted nearly four decades earlier? (Watson 1). "
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A Comparison of The 2001 Bmw M3 Vs. the 2002 Mercedes-Benz C32 Amg, 2001.
This paper examines the engineering, design, and performance of two cars
1,730 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 7 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The enclosed report titled A Comparison of the 2001 BMW M3 Versus the 2002 Mercedes-Benz C32 AMG: Their engineering, design, and performance, is submitted in accordance with the request for an analytical report regarding the two vehicles. This report provides a detailed evaluation and comparison of the two vehicles based solely on their general data about the chassis and body, as well as engine design and engineering, and suspension and handling. Your request to disregard all costs related to the vehicles as a comparison issue is duly noted. Special attention is focused on the performance of both vehicles, to provide a recommendation for the superior of the two as you have asked for.
From the Paper
Your request to disregard all costs related to the vehicles as a comparison issue is duly noted. Special attention is focused on the performance of both vehicles, to provide a recommendation for the superior of the two as you have asked for.
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Jini Network technology: Strategic Imperatives, 2001.
A research report about Jini network technology, its developments and strategic plans.
2,190 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 16 sources, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This report concerns Sun Microsystem?s Jini technology and the strategy for its widespread adoption in the networking world. The report proposes a marketing plan and other necessary initiatives to make the technology a standard of networking. The report covers both the strategic initiatives taken thus far and the way forward and includes various diagrams and explanations.
Executive summary
Jini technology
Market Overview
Competition
Strategy for growth
Community Building
Industry Partnership for standardization
Branding Jini
Target Segment
From the Paper
"Over the last quarter century, network technology has evolved immensely. Emerging network interaction has the capability to shatter existing performance ceilings. Participants in one network will directly access and use the services provided by participants in another network. Constructing networks that can adapt to the demands of dynamic computing environments requires an innovative architecture that can effectively and efficiently accommodate change and complexity. And at the same time, this technology must be easy to learn, use, and deploy. Remarkably elegant, yet unexpectedly simple, Jini network technology is designed to meet these requirements. "
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Disaster at Three Mile Island, 2000.
A report on how nuclear reactors work, what kinds there are and what happened at Three Mile Island.
3,245 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 7 sources, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This report investigates the effects of the nuclear reaction accident at Three Mile Island. It includes a chronology, a detailed description of the after affects, and highlights ways to prevent future disasters such as Three Mile Island. The author also examines the process that nuclear reactors use to harness nuclear energy, and describes the many types of reactors out there.
From the Paper
"Three Mile Island? To many, those three words are associated with other words like ?nuclear meltdown?, ?radioactive release?, and ?damaged environment.? Many people know very little about how a nuclear reactor works, what kinds of nuclear reactors there are, exactly what happened at Three Mile Island, and how many dangers could have been prevented. The truths behind these ideas, and facts to back them up are all apparent in this paper."
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Chemical Mechanical Planarization, 2001.
A look and review at the models of chemical mechanical planarization.
2,431 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 26 sources, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper shows that one of the main concerns in Chemical Mechanical Planarization processing is the material removal rate (MRR). The paper also critically reviews the existing MRR models of CMP and compares the assumptions, application aspects and limitations of the two groups? models.
From the Paper
"Chemical Mechanical Planarization (CMP) is the process of surface smoothing and planing by a combination of mechanical action and chemical dissolution. This process is achieved by rubbing a work piece against a polishing pad under load in the presence of chemically active slurry containing an abrasive. CMP is one of the most effective planarization technologies for achieving smaller feature size for the integrated circuit (IC) industry. "
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Copper Electroplating, 2001.
1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 18 sources, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces the compositions and operating parameters of cyanide and acid copper plating baths. The advantages and limitations of two electroplated copper interconnection methods are compared. Furthermore, a state of the art copper electroplating technique, namely, super filling copper plating, is investigated. Finally possible research endeavors to extend this technique are rendered.
From the paper:
From the Paper
" Copper (Cu) is one of most commonly used pure metals in the electrical industry. This is because that copper has a low conduct resistivity (about 6?10-8W-m), which is fit for the low resistivity electrical connections. There are various methods to deposit Cu film; for example, ECD1 (electroplating and electroless plating), PVD2 (sputtering and evaporation) and sometimes CVD methods3 can be used. Among these techniques, electroplating is the one with the least cost and the highest deposition rate which can be controlled properly by varying the applied current. Most important of all, the thickness of the copper coating deposited by the electroplating can be as high as several centimeters (such as in the electro-forming technology). Because of these advantages, the copper electroplating attracts a lot of interests in the microelectronic fabrications in recent years."
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Cobalt-based Hard Magnetic Films, 2001.
A highly technical paper that reviews literature on the operating procedure and magnetic properties of electrochemical deposited Co-based magnetic films.
2,057 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 13 sources, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This report reviews literature on the operating procedure and magnetic properties of electrochemical deposited Co-based magnetic films. The significance and limitations of electrochemical deposit Co-based magnetic films are analyzed.
From the Paper
" Hard magnetic materials have been a focus of interest in electrical engineering for years because of their applications as media in recording and potential applications in fabricating magnetic MEMS devices due to the strong magnetic field produced by them in absence of applying magnetic field1.2. Besides the hard ferrites and Nd2Fe14 B1, Cobalt or Cobalt-RE based magnets are mostly used hard magnetic materials because of their good magnetic properties as well as their excellent mechanical properties1. Generally speaking, Cobalt based hard magnetic materials are fabricated by PVD methods such as RF sputtering or evaporation. However, it is likely to be time and money consuming to apply these procedures, especially for a relatively thick film, say, 20mm or more, is needed. Furthermore, the fabrication of the film-type magnets on silicon wafers with CMOS integrated circuits has been considered as one of the most extremely difficult tasks due to the fabrication processing incompatibility between them."
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Electroplated Cobalt-Based Films, 2001.
1,676 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 11 sources, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This report reviews literature on magnetic properties of electroplated Co-based magnetic films. The significance and limitations of electroplating Co-based magnetic films are analyzed. Complete with diagrams and charts.
From the Paper
"Hard magnetic materials (permanent magnets) are suitable for use as media in recording and to fabricate magnetic MEMS devices because they can produce strong fields without having to apply a current to a coil; hence, they attracted more attentions in the electrical engineering recently [1-2]. Besides the hard ferrites and Nd2Fe14 B1, Cobalt or Cobalt-RE based magnets are mostly used hard magnetic materials. [1] Because of their good magnetic properties as well as their excellent mechanical properties. General speaking, Cobalt based hard magnetic materials can be fabricate by CVD or PVD such as RF sputtering, which will take pretty long time and cost much if one want to make relatively thick film that is around 20 mm or even thicker. Also, the fabrication of the film-type magnets on silicon wafers with CMOS integrated circuits has been considered as one of the most extremely difficult tasks due to the fabrication processing incompatibility between them [3]."
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Engineering Disaster, 2001.
A detailed look at the dangers associated with the genetic engineering of food.
1,440 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 7 sources, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper gives some background on the genetic engineering of food. The author focuses on the dangers that stem from genetically engineered food such as possible medical side effects and repercussions to the environment. The author advocates mandatory labeling of foods with genetically engineered ingredients and looks at regulations in other countries.
From the Paper
"By far the most severe environmental repercussion of GE crops is that they are a Pandora?s box, once they are planted, there is no way to control or recall them. Pollen from GE plants is spread in exactly the same manner as regular pollen, and, therefore, their genetic material will quickly spread to any surrounding fields. This is one of the main reasons why is truly impossible for people to know what they are eating. An organic tomato grown a mile away from a farm that grows GE tomatoes may or may not be infected. Scientists have no way of determining what kind of effects the release of all this genetic pollution will have on the ecosystem (Davis)."
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Models for Bipolar Junction Transistors, 2001.
This paper discusses modeling of bipolar junction transistors, specifically using the Ebers-Moll Model; included are graphs/charts/mathematical formulae.
1,041 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 0 sources, $ 36.95
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This paper discusses modeling of bipolar junction transistors, specifically using the Ebers-Moll Model. The author includes charts and graphs in support of the paper, as well as mathematical formulae and calculations.
From the Paper
"The purpose of this lab was to understand how models of transistor voltage and current relationships are used to explain the behavior of bipolar junction transistor (BJT) circuits.BJT circuits are used to amplify small fluctuations in input voltage or current into larger, more easily observed fluctuations in output voltage or current taken from another part of the circuit. The transistor voltages and currents are characterized by small fluctuations about their steady state, or quiescent, values."
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