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A History of Couples on Television, 2006.
An examination of television couples and how their relationships reflect American society.
2,819 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes how people naturally seek out partners in an effort to be a part of a couple, and so they find other couples fascinating, watching them, observing them, and silently comparing their experiences together with their own. The paper examines how the history of couples on television, especially in America, serves as an intriguing study into American culture and values in general. The paper describes how couples on television have been portrayed differently over the decades as American beliefs and values have changed. The paper proposes that to study the history of couples on television is to study American attitudes toward a variety of social institutions and situations.
From the Paper
"Perhaps the first famous television couple in America was the duo of Desi Arnaz and Lucille Ball. Exploding onto American television screens in the early 1950s, Lucy and Desi were unique in that they not only played a married couple on television, but they were also married in real life (Douglas, 2003). Because of this real life connection, the Lucy and Desi duo was a particular source of fascination to the American public for many years. People wanted to watch Lucy and Desi to see not only what unbelievable exploits they would get into week after week, but to see if any part of their real life relationship was translated onto the television screen."
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Fox Television Network, 2006.
The impact that the Fox Television Network has had on broadcast television.
2,370 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Fox Television Network and compares it to the three major networks in broadcast television, ABC, CBS and NBC. This network has produced a number of shows that have made television history. The paper looks at the history behind the formation of the network in 1986 by Rupert Murdoch, whose intention was to form an independent television network to compete with the three major networks, and the story behind its success. The paper also discusses Rupert Murdoch's background and his media company, Fox Corporation. Criticisms of Fox News Network and the Fox News Channel are also mentioned. The paper concludes that the network has a reach almost as great as the other three networks in terms of the amount of the country served and is certainly ahead of the smaller networks.
From the Paper
" The Fox Television Network is often simply referred to as Fox, and the company and related companies are owned by the Fox Entertainment Group as part of Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation. The network was launched in 1986 and has produced and shown a number of series since that time. The network took a long time to achieve sufficient standing to be considered a threat to the three major networks, meaning ABC, CBS, and NBC. Since the launch of Fox, two other national broadcast networks have been launched, UPN and the WB, or Warner Bros. Network. These companies are competing for audience and advertisers at the same time as broadcast television is losing audience to cable and other media, and many are uncertain of how long broadcast television will continue in its present form or what form it might take in the future."
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Skype, 2006.
An analysis of voice transmission communication, particularly the business aspects of Skype.
1,619 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses voice transmission communication, particularly the business Skype. The paper discusses the concept behind Skype, as well the strengths and weaknesses of the business. The paper goes on to discuss options for the growth of Skype in its industry.
Table of Contents:
Skype's Industry
Skype's Strengths
Skype's Weaknesses
The Current Business Model of Skype
Skype's Competitors and Their Strategies
Competitive Porces in Skype's Industry
Key Factors Contributing to Skype's Early Success
Skype's Strategic Options
From the Paper
"Skype has no real competitors because it has not aligned itself with any one pay technology, namely telephone communications services, yet there are many similar offerings and in time there will likely be start ups who use similar protocols to create a user base of their own. Vonage could be called a competitor but only in the sense of its provision of VoIP yet, they have restricted themselves by limiting service here and still have a few issues to work out such as reliability of 911 services, as mentioned previously."
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Effects of Television Watching, 2006.
An examination of the benefits and detriments of watching too much television.
905 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The writer proposes that television can be used as an entertainment media, an educative tool or purely for escapism, and that it continues to be a central force in every household in the world. The paper discusses the debate on the benefits of television viewing, some lavishing their praise on the television for its role in promoting education and delivering entertainment, and others expressing their concern about the damaging negative influence that television exerts, particularly over the minds of the young people. The paper discusses the role of the television and the effects it has on society.
Outline:
Introduction
Educational Value
Television and Children
Obesity Risk
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Research has also linked TV viewing with obesity. Frank et.al (2003) analyzed the impact of TV watching and other forms of sedentary behavior and related it to obesity and diabetes 2 conditions among women. This comprehensive research conducted over a six-year period between 1992 and 1998 followed 50,277 women from 11 states. All the women were carefully chosen based on a BMI index less then 30 at the baseline and free from any health problems. At the end of the six years it was found that around 3757 representing 7.5% of the 50,277 women had become clinically obese and 1515 developed type 2 diabetes."
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Writing, 2006.
This essay explores the question, "why do I write?".
1,440 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that competent writing has become one of the most essential tools of contemporary life because of the demands of the email age and mass communication technology. The author points out that writing is much more than only a mode of communication with others because learning to write well means learning to express oneself, which becomes a means of finding out what you think and who you are. The paper relates that writer George Orwell provides some insight into creative expressive writing and the conflict, which often takes place in this writing process between the internal feeling and need for expression and the outer truth and reality.
From the Paper
"Writing for advertising is essentially persuasive writing in that the object of this type of writing is to sell something or persuade people to buy. It is intended to evoke interest in some product, service or subject. This form of writing requires sensitivity and knowledge of the audience that one wishes to write for and influence. Secondly, it also requires a delicate and subtle use of language. Advertising language is often based on small and subtle nuances of language. Humor is often used as way of attracting an audience and getting the message across."
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Interpersonal Communication, 2006.
A discussion on the importance of interpersonal communication.
2,411 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the importance of effective communication is immeasurable in the world of business and in personal life. The paper analyzes how communication skills can be crucial to the success of a business. The paper examines how even though people do learn to talk early in life, that does not mean that they also learn to communicate well. The paper explains that the process of getting the information from one person to another is a very complex process with many sources of potential error. The paper further explains how the communication process works, and what one can do to improve communication. The paper concludes that an effective communicator has a greater opportunity for becoming a success.
From the Paper
"However, if an individual can develop the skills, that person has gained an ability to really understand another person. Of course, every person needs to be an effective sender of messages as well as an effective receiver. This also requires a focus on the other person. For example, it might be necessary to consider how the other person will react, what they will think, and what they will feel. This will often cause a sender to become aware of barriers that will prevent their message from being received. With an understanding of the barrier, the sender is then in a position to overcome it."
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Self Promotion, 2006.
This paper discusses self promotion as it relates to a marketing campaign.
1,148 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper takes inspiration from the innovative and shrewd self promotional campaign of Donald Trump who chose the reality TV as his expression of self-promotion. This paper discusses the marketing and promotion of a new product. The writer's designer wear and fashion house emphasizes low budget, creative and innovative strategies of self-promotion and employs its mainstream finances on the product and diversity. This would, in the writer's opinion, yield far better results than high exhibition and hiking prices. The writer believes that the public is phenomenally influenced by innovative entertainment programs and industries with their own peculiar individuality. Therefore the writer intends to emphasize personal individuality at all costs.
Table of Contents:
Market Analysis
Self-Promotion Plan
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Therefore there is a lot of room for innovation and creative thinking to completely curb the parasitical affects of seasonality in fashion market. Fashion in itself is broad avenue of inter related industry of glam, beautify, accessories, comfort and style. Therefore there are many related markets in the fashion industry and an entrepreneur can always expand their commodities, sometimes intimidating and sometimes complimenting other industries. Fashion industry has a considerably protracted life cycle; it has maximum sustainability and growth rate. Decline of such an ever evolving industry like fashion is hard to perceive. However, maturity which is an increased price competition is highly likely since new brands step in the emerging markets can maintain high profit margins. Fashion market can be colossally diversified and segmented into a vast range of foot wear, accessories, clothing, and cosmetics."
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Non-Verbal Communication, 2006.
This paper discusses variations in the meanings of non-verbal communication using examples primarily from China, the United States and Australia.
1,220 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a gesture of endearment in one place may be an insult in another, such as "touching gestures", which should be avoided in China where touching or prolonged bodily contact is not acceptable. The author points out many conflicting cultural meanings of gestures such as that the "V" for victory, popularized by Winston Churchill, has a negative connotation in European countries where the palm facing inward means, "Up your bum!" The paper relates that it is important to note the vast differences in non-verbal communication, to respect these differences and to avoid infringing on someone's personal space or beliefs.
From the Paper
"Beckoning gestures, configurating ones hands while beckoning in China determines exactly what the person that is beckoning is trying to say. The writer reports that one should avoid using the index finger, palm up and toward you, in a back and forth curling motion toward your body because that is a gesture solely used toward animals .The open hand is used for pointing instead of using one finger like in the United States. In Chinese culture, the feet are considered dirty and should not be used in gestures."
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The Media's Impact on Young Women, 2005.
A discussion on the negative effects of the media on women.
1,695 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper offers a literary review of studies done to prove the impact of the the media on young women's drive for thinness and body dissatisfaction. The author reviews three such studies and discusses the results of each. The paper also expands on the beneficial methods of research used in each study. It offers suggestions for future research on the topic.
From the Paper
"Results of the study indicated that many of the participants viewed themselves as being overweight, thus having high levels of both body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness even though their BMI's indicated that they were bordering on being underweight. The girls reported watching an extremely great amount of television per week; however, the amount of television watched, great as it was, was not related to the rise in body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. Certain types of TV programs were instead found to have that relationship. Programs such as soap operas and movies, for example, were related to the rise in body dissatisfaction experienced by these women, while the watching of music videos led to them experiencing a high drive for thinness. These results indicate that the types of programs watched on TV matters more towards a woman's susceptibility towards body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness than amount of TV watched."
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Information Technology, 2005.
A discussion on the effects of modern information technology.
1,607 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a discussion on the growing dependence on information technology. The paper continues to discuss the social consequences of such a dependency. The author explores the behavior of companies and businesses with regards to information enthusiasm. Finally, the papers expands on the interdependency that is caused by advances in information technology.
Table of Contents:
Info Enthusiasm
The Info Enthusiasts and the Social Norms, Expectations, Rules, and Perceptions
Demassifying and Disaggregating
Information Technology: Tying People Together in Large Groups
Information Technology: Making People Interdependent
From the Paper
"The information technology has indeed gone far, way beyond what Alexander Graham Bell or Samuel Morse have meant to aim for a quick and easy way of communication. This was way surpassed when the technology of cellular phone was invented. Came next as another fascinating form of real-time information technology is the Internet that ties people together, whether for business or personal needs. For instance, working for a company doesn't anymore mean being in an office. One can work in his office's computer even if he is at home. Similarly, working together does not anymore entail to be in the same location. These are all made possible by the real-time communication that the World Wide Web can provide."
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Public Speaking, 2006.
This paper explores the keys to success for public speakers.
2,416 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that while everyone talks, very few manage it in front of others with a confident manner, definitive goal and end success. The paper quotes experts on public speaking; Lucas, Gard, Krannich, Fellows and Dunckel and highlights their formula that being prepared for the practical problems that confront every speaker is the secret to a good speech. The paper explains that while they summarize their findings differently and approach different types of speech work in their research, they agree on the three key tasks of setting goals; constant and good preparation, quelling the fears that stand in the way of every presenter and a thorough presentation.
From the Paper
"The words of seminal speakers have not only woven the prose of a poet's pontification, they have inspired the events and actions that have determined the course of the world. "Throughout history, people have used public speaking as a vital means of communication," Stephen Lucas writes. Making ones words public are easily done well; while everyone talks, very few manage it in front of others with a confident manner, definitive goal, and end success. The habits of highly effective speakers are educational; while sometimes innate, they are learned skill sets, honed, and practiced daily to conquer fear, gather thoughts, and control attention. Personal experience lends to my understanding of public speaking as not just a message to spread nor system or rhetoric, but rather an amalgamation of the academic, theoretical, and practical standards of speech."
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Rape and Virtue in the Media, 2006.
This paper discusses the depiction of rape and virtue in the media.
1,635 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer discusses three different sources regarding the subject of rape and virtue. Women and society are looked at in this article. The writer discusses how rape is viewed in society and the many implicated meanings it has in the minds of both men and women. The writer concludes that the articles discussed in this paper indicate a society that prides itself on its advancement and openness, but that really is still in the Stone Age in many respects.
Outline:
Nongovernmental Organizations, "Grassroots," and the Politics of Virtue.
Toward a New Feminist Theory of Rape
Remapping the Event: Institutional Discourses and the Trauma of Rape
From the Paper
"The author's research began right after apartheid ended, and so covers a time of "historical transformation" in the country and in women's lives. The author admits there were many changes to the country after apartheid ended, but more importantly, many things did not change, including women's networks and their empowerment of other women.
She notes that women's organizations were included in the new government, which gave women new opportunities to lead. It also gave them opportunities to network on a global scale with other women, and this also opens up many questions. How do women pick and choose who to nurture and support and who not to? Ultimately, at least some of this nurturing is based not on need, but on women's perceptions of those who are "virtuous" or "deserving" and those who are not. They make choices based on women who are "trying to help themselves" rather than women who are needy or seem to "beg" for aid from others. In other words, they may choose to help one grassroots organization that seems to be worthy because it cooperates with others, but also because they meet certain requirements. For example, these women might not help a black, uneducated woman because they feel she is not doing anything to help herself, but they would help a black woman who has enrolled in school to learn English."
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Chinese Business Communication, 2006.
This paper discusses Chinese business communication and the conduit metaphor.
4,665 words (approx. 18.7 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at communication in the Chinese business world and the conduit metaphor. The writer discusses that a global code of general ethics and basic business communication is increasingly being accepted by all countries, regardless of the diversity of their cultures. In this way the same principles of democracy in business have become applicable to all countries from the West to the East of the world. The writer notes that this paradigm is however not without its difficulties and certain business principles, such as the conduit metaphor, are still an acceptable practice within certain countries.
The writer contends that globalization and communication technology thus complicates matters of business communication when two divergent countries attempt to engage in business together.
The writer concludes that it can be understood that Chinese businesses should learn to foster more open and honest communication channels for the sake of corporate survival in the international arena.
From the Paper
"It is of primary importance to accept responsibility for one's business practices in the public eye in order to ensure public trust. This results in sound business practices and more beneficial business for both the company involved and the public they serve. However, any organization, whether corporate or government, that views communication in terms of a conduit metaphor, will hold the incorrect view that certain information can be kept away from public scrutiny. This is so because, according to the conduit metaphor theory, communication occurs when information is sent from sender to receiver via a transmitter. There is therefore no room for possible human error in either transmitting or receiving the message. It is also irrelevant for the purposes of communication to know whether the transmission occurred via human or electronic means. The theory assumes that successful communication has occurred when the receiver objectively interprets the sender's intention and meaning behind the information sent. In other words, information that is put into the right words will be easily communicable. Any extraneous information that follows the correct one can thus be eliminated as unwanted "noise"."
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Television Media in France, 2006.
This paper explores television media in France and how it has changed over time.
1,817 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the development of the television media in France and examines the ownership of the television channels, including the role of the government in controlling the television media. The paper looks at the program content, such as the different genres of shows featured on television including which are most popular and offers examples of specific television shows and their ratings. The writer illustrates this and notes how the phenomenal rise distinctly reflects the mushrooming of available channels. The paper also provides a brief comparison of the similarity between the television content in France and America.
Contents:
Development of the Television Media in France
Ownership
The role of the Government in Controlling the Television Media
The Program Content...
Examples of Specific Television Shows and Their Ratings
Recent Developments in the Television Media...
A Brief Comparison...
From the Paper
"Ever since the dawn of television since the initial part of 1970, broadcasting in France was controlled by a public service culture and an administrative philosophy. Under the strict administration of the Minister of Information, and subsequently of Culture and sometimes of Communication, broadcasting was managed by a single functionary, the Office of French Radio and Television -- ORTF. Till 1968, the body was fully funded by license fees and enjoyed the status of a unique triple monopoly on signal transmission, programming content and production. Commercial broadcasting was disallowed on the justification that it would result in mediocre programming or disparities among viewers. This initial phase of broadcasting was marked by extremely high authoritarian broadcasting and television was considered as a tool for promotion of culture and education and was not believed to fulfill the preferences of the majority. Accountability was absent and little audience research. Government used the medium to justify its political moves and controlled news content. President Georges Pompidou declared in 1970 that the television was the voice of people of France at home and overseas implying that television was supposed to symbolize the opinion of the legitimate Government and the cultural resources of the French nation."
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Reality Television, 2006.
This paper looks at the trend of reality television programs.
3,400 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the trend of reality programs that appeared on television in the late 1980s and has continued to the present. The writer declares that although reality television has become a dominant part of TV viewing, it is important to realize that along with any "entertainment" there comes responsibility. One needs to be concerned when the lines between reality and fantasy become so blurred that one can no longer recognize the difference. The writer concludes that as long as one recognizes that reality television is solely for entertainment purposes, then all is well.
From the Paper
"Another feature of the genre is the format of the shows. Here again producers borrow from both fiction and nonfiction. In the opening minutes of the first episode of Big Brother 5, we meet the eight core houseguests--mostly twenty something, all with movie-star good looks and figures, who are introduced with fast-paced editing that includes flashbacks of good-byes to family and jobs presented with a mix of game-show and sitcom-production techniques. After a commercial break comes act 2 and the exposition of the plot. Here is where we learn how "guests" stay in the game, how viewers participate in the fates of the participants, and what has to be done to be the big winner who takes home five hundred grand.
In act 3, the producers of Big Brother, represented by a petite Asian American who speaks to the contestants though a television monitor--tell the houseguests that each has a minute to choose his or her bedroom and bed. Choices include sleeping alone or with a partner in a double bed."
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Communication Apprehension, 2006.
A study of communicative anxiety and apprehension.
3,233 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper researches the phenomenon of what is known as communication apprehension or anxiety. Communicative apprehension is defined as "an individual's level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons". This paper takes an in-depth look at this issue.
Outline:
I. Introduction
Personal Report of Communication Apprehension (PRCA)
Communication Apprehension
The difference between state CA and trait CA
II. Body
Culture
Gender
III. Future directions
IV. Conclusion
From the Paper
"Based on the earlier description of self and other perceptions, as well as actual behavioral results, one can surmise that generally, high CA can be a detriment to those experiencing it in an organizational context. Using this information as a base, one may also posit that experiencing high RA in the organizational environment will elicit similar outcomes. Some researchers have suggested that because of the information that has been found regarding apprehension in organizations, it would be unlikely to find highly apprehensive individuals in advanced positions within a company. Although it has been discovered that high CA people were less likely to desire advancement, and less likely to perceive themselves as likely to advance within the organization, there are no empirical data that indicate these feelings and beliefs are consistent with actual outcomes.
Culture
The first valencing factor consists of social and cultural norms. If cultural norms dictate greater spatial boundaries, less touch, and so forth, then individuals from these cultures are likely to valence such norm violations negatively. Parents even articulate immediacy norms with verbal commands (e.g., don't stare, don't push) so that learning of these norms is facilitated. "
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Advertising or P.S.A., 2006.
This paper discusses the matter of the advertising of alcohol.
916 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at whether advertisements promoting alcohol are really advertisements or serve as a public service announcement. The writer discusses that as beer and wine are currently advertised on television more frequently than distilled spirits, viewers infer the wrong message that one form of alcohol is intrinsically more subject to abuse or ill affects than another. The writer concludes that the television networks ought to be forced to apply existing rules and regulations equally to all suppliers to alcohol. Further, the writer maintains that the real answer to promoting public interest and addressing ethical concerns about targeting underage youth lies in changing laws or applying company guidelines equally to all companies.
Contents:
Are these true P.S.A.s or advertisements?
Are these messages in the public interest?
What ethical theories justify either running or not running the spots on television?
What ethical justification, if any, can be cited for running beer and wine ads but not ads for hard liquor? If there is no ethical justification for this, what (ethically) is wrong with this differentiation?
From the Paper
"Many believe that advertisers should not be allowed to target underage audiences with products that are harmful to their health even if it means limiting constitutional protection because many children many children are not capable of making good choices. Research shows that youth exposure to alcohol advertising increases awareness of that advertising, which in turn influences young people's beliefs about drinking, intentions to drink, and drinking behavior.
Opponents of advertising alcohol on television are growing more vocal as alcohol advertising that reaches youth expands, leading many to believe that alcohol vendors intentional target underage drinkers."
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Propaganda, Truth, and Critical Thinking, 2006.
A critical look at propaganda in advertising and the media.
2,977 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
The paper defines propaganda and discusses how advertising and media reports use propaganda to sell products or create sensationalism. The paper looks at advertising, and describes how effective copy needs to influence people using one of the five great motivators - fear, exclusivity, guilt, greed, and the need for approval. The writer further discusses how critical thinking is important because it can be used to identify the tools that advertisers are using and determine the truth behind the propaganda. The paper concludes with an examination of the news media and how the media is interpreting events and creating meaning, not the individuals watching or reading the news report.
From the Paper
"This persuasiveness is the reason it should be assessed to determine what the truth is. Another reason that advertising should be considered critically is that it often works by appealing directly to the emotions. Pratkanis & Aronson (1991, p. 93) describe how this occurs through the "manipulation of symbols and of our most basic human emotions." A textbook on how to create effective advertising copy provides further insight on the topic."
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