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Architecture, 2005.
This paper studies three different buildings in Orlando, Florida from an architectural perspective.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper evaluates three distinct architectural structures in Orlando, Florida, each of which captivates the attention of visitors and residents on a daily basis. The paper relates that each of these structures was built to last and each offers a unique vision that is often stunning to the eye. The paper notes that each structure is aesthetically pleasing to the eye for a variety of reasons.
From the Paper
"The beauty and detail of many buildings are some of the most stunning aspects of the architecture world, as many constructs around the word provide a fascinating examination of various architecture styles and concepts. Throughout the United States, architecture serves a number of purposes and the diversity of styles in buildings demonstrate the necessity to maintain a level of distinctiveness in the picturesque environment. For example, the city of Orlando, Florida possesses many beautiful buildings, which are unique in many different ways. The following discussion will examine three different buildings in this city, emphasizing their architecture and the detail that was constructed in each building structure from top to bottom. The SunTrust Center, located on South Orange Avenue, is a stunning piece of architecture, which reveals the unique vision of its creator."
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Ozias Leduc, 2005.
This paper analyzes the artist Ozias Leduc of Quebec.
4,050 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 15 sources, $ 160.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the life and work of artist Ozias Leduc, an artist who lived in relative obscurity most of his life and only achieved some renown in the 1940s and after. The paper explains that most of his work was unknown until the middle of the twentieth century, except for some of his architectural work renovating or restoring church buildings. The paper discusses how his works show expressions of religious belief and also an affiliation with the natural environment surrounding Quebec.
From the Paper
"Ozias Leduc lived in relative obscurity most of his life and only achieved some renown in the 1940s and after. This painter had an influence on others primarily in terms of direct contact, meaning he taught them or sponsored them in some way and so influenced their work. Most of his work was unknown until the middle of the twentieth century, except for some of his architectural work renovating or restoring church buildings. His works show expressions of religious belief and also an affiliation with the natural environment surrounding Quebec."
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Female Architects, 2005.
This paper discusses female architects in Ohio and focuses on Florence Kenyon Hayden Rector.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 13 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly reviews the life and times of Florence Kenyon Hayden Rector. The paper describes her significant life achievements, the sexism she faced and the reason why society must remain vigilant against such attitudes today. Additionally, the paper contains thirteen sources, mostly internet-based, providing important information on this woman.
From the Paper
"The matter of female architects in Ohio is an interesting one because, historically, women in Ohio - as elsewhere in America - faced great difficulty. Ms. Hayden - she later married James Rector and assumed the nomenclature Florence Kenyon Hayden Rector - was also an outspoken suffragist ("Women in Ohio History - Florence Kenyon Hayden Rector" 2005, paragraph 12). Fortunately, her papers can still be accessed in various University collections throughout America ("Guide to the Manuscript Collections - Hayden, Florence Kenyon" 2005, paragraph 36). Ms. Hayden's work did not begin and end with her design of the elegant Oxley Hall Women's Residence at the University of Ohio. She also designed the home of Ohio millionaire Ellis O. Jones ("Old Towne East - An Historic Neighborhood" 2005, paragraph 1)."
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Early Modernism, 2005.
This paper describes the style of modernism in architecture and its influences.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that modernism is a term used to describe the styles of architecture, arts and literature of the twentieth century. The paper defines the style of modernism in architecture as a form that takes on a clean line and functional focus. The paper discusses how the contemporary world still feels the effect of the modernist influence. The paper concludes that one must wonder if it is on its way to becoming the new traditionalism.
From the Paper
"Modernism is a term used to describe the styles of architecture, arts and literature of the twentieth century. The style of modernism in architecture describes a form that takes on a "clean" line and functional focus. It is a "rational" form of architecture that uses non-traditional forms and materials. According to "Contemporary Architects" on the Edinburgh Architecture website: Modern Architecture became linked to a certain genre of building and thus over time wasn't really 'modern' anymore. Contemporary Architecture currently has less baggage; it is not affected by fall-out from the reign of a certain style."
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Postmodern Architecture, 2005.
This paper discusses the term "postmodernism" with a focus on postmodern architecture.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper defines what postmodernism in the field of architecture is by looking at the Milwaukee Art Museum designed by Spanish architect, Santiago Calatrava. The paper begins by looking at what postmodernism is in general, defining the term and movement. Then the paper looks at what postmodern architecture is, in relation to modernist design. Finally, the paper examines it in the light of Calatrava's 2001 building.
From the Paper
"The cool kids call it "po-mo." The literate among us toss the term around at wine-and-cheese parties. The academics who tower over us apply it to children's cartoons and sketchy literature and nauseating paintings, as if they know some secret, tucked away in some ivory tower that the rest of us are missing. The rest of us, in the meantime, wonder whether there is a hyphen, a space, or nothing at all in the term that we all know as "postmodernism." The prefix "postmodern" has been used to describe, analyze and tag just about every work of art or academic pursuit during the past half century."
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Golden Mean in Art and Architecture, 2005.
This paper discusses Greek culture and beliefs and looks at the Golden Mean in art and architecture.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly looks at Greek art and architecture to determine the relationship between them and broad cultural and/or philosophical currents animating Greek society and culture. Specifically, this paper examines the relationship of the Greek concept of the "golden mean" to art and architecture in the classical world and suggests that there are interesting manifestations of the Golden Mean in Greek art and architecture.
From the Paper
"The culture and beliefs of the ancient Greeks clearly manifested themselves in the artwork they produced. This paper examines the relationship of the "Golden Mean" to the art and architecture of the Greeks. What should become apparent is that the "Golden Mean" - which in the world of art meant an emphasis upon harmony, balance, symmetry and austere beauty - was an animating factor in the vase work and architecture of the Greeks. This paper examines the above-mentioned relationship by looking first at examples of the "Golden Mean" in Greek pottery. From there, the paper examines the presence of the "Golden Mean" in Greek architecture. Specifically, because of its pre-eminent place in the architecture of the ancient world, special attention is devoted to the design of the Parthenon."
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Roman Architecture, 2005.
This paper examines Roman architecture within a kinesthetic approach.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer looks at William MacDonald's review of the architectural achievements of classical Rome, 'Architecture of the Roman Empire'. The writer discusses that MacDonald contends that architecture works through a kinesthetic process by which its shapes and surfaces impact our consciousness and serve as devices of physical and mental learning. This essay explores this approach with reference to the Markets of Trajan, the generic structure of Roman baths and the Roman amphitheatres. This analysis argues, with reference to both particular structures and generic styles, that the Romans conceived of their architecture as conveying messages in stone and educating citizens and foreigners alike, in the values and culture of Rome.
From the Paper
"William MacDonald, in his review of the architectural achievements of classical Rome Architecture of the Roman Empire, contends that architecture works through a "kinesthetic" process by which its shapes and surfaces impact our consciousness and serve as devices of physical and mental learning. This essay will explore this approach with reference to the Markets of Trajan, the generic structure of Roman baths, and the Roman amphitheatres."
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Lisa Robertson's Occasional Work, 2005.
This article looks at the book "Occasional Work and Seven Walks from the Office for Soft Architecture" by Lisa Robertson.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 2 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses local Vancouverite and author, Lisa Robertson and her book titled 'Occasional Work and Seven Walks From the Office of Soft Architecture'. The paper focuses on one particular essay that begins on page 169: "Play House: A Brief Account of the Idea of the Shack". The writer points out that in this essay Robertson examines the connection between space, architecture, and social behaviour.
From the Paper
" According to some experts, the development of the practice of arts and crafts is considered to be one of the most significant and extensive design movements of contemporary times. In 19th century Britain, attitudes and ideas about design evolved as the arts and crafts movement first emerged, thus propelling the use of new design approaches in the 20th century. Soft architecture is one such concept that is discussed in Lisa Robertson's book titled "Occasional Work and Seven Walks from the Office for Soft Architecture"."
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Shanty Towns, 2005.
This paper discusses the development and policy on shanty towns.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 13 sources, $ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that shanty towns are most common in the third world and developing countries but are not limited to poorer countries. The author points out that shanty towns are characterized as being made up of one shack after another and built with metal sheets and various materials found at the local dump. The paper relates that governments around the world need to step in and help improve the global standard of living.
From the Paper
"As the global village reflects on the aftermath of the tsunami tragedy, reduced poverty levels and aid for reducing national debt are the top priorities of the international community. The United Nations' Millennium Goals are reflective of this perception as the world population becomes educated on the reality and extent of poverty rates and low standard of living. To my knowledge, there are no communities in Canada that resemble anything like what we in terms of human conditions in under developed countries."
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9/11 Memorial Design, 2005.
This paper examines the controversy over the 9/11 memorial design.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how America should use the former World Trade Center site to memorialize the victims of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack. The author points out that this is a sensitive issue and is bound to generate controversy. The paper relates suggestions for the process by which the memorial design should be selected and notes that the feelings of an entire nation have to be taken into account.
From the Paper
"Since the publication of the articles by Herbert Muschamp and Larry Silverstein, discussion has continued about how America should use the former World Trade Center site to memorialize the victims of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack. This is a sensitive issue and was bound to generate controversy, for the feelings of an entire nation have to be taken into account. Herbert Muschamp, the architecture critic from the New York Times, expressed his belief that most of the designs "offer an excess of spectacle" and observed that, "everything here is wonderfully polished." He concluded that each finalist could be the winner in a dozen memorial competitions, but stated, "that is not really a compliment, is it?" (Muschamp) His critical views, mixed as they were with positive reactions ..."
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Global Warming, 2005.
This paper discusses the impact of global warming on the architectural industry.
5,400 words (approx. 21.6 pages), 13 sources, $ 214.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the causes of global warming are examined. The author points out that global warming has affected the world in terms of climate changes, forest depletion, resource usage, and forest certification. The paper relates that the architecture industry is experiencing a shift in ideology from the boxed building of the past to a greener approach to design.
From the Paper
"It is a scientific fact and common assumption that the Earth is billions and billions of years old. Throughout its lifespan planet, Earth has experienced shifts in temperature from warm to cold, however never before has core temperatures transformed at such dramatic rate. Contemporary issues of global climate changes are, in part, a result of the increased rate of speed that the core temperature is changing compared to temperature shifts in centuries past. Today, energy consumption is on the rise, thus producing greenhouse gases that have also attributed to atmospheric deterioration."
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Benjamin Kaplan's "Fictions of Privacy", 2005.
This paper review an article written by historian Benjamin Kaplan "Fictions of Privacy: House Chapels and the Spatial Accommodation of Religious Dissent in Early Modern Europe".
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that historian Benjamin Kaplan in his article "Fictions of Privacy" explores the Early Modern Period in Europe and details the negotiation between the private and the public as it related to religious practice. The author points out that the article reveals the incongruous setting for religious observance in many Early Modern European homes. The paper concludes that the creation of the private/public demarcation was vital to preventing violence and bloodshed.
From the Paper
"Benjamin Kaplan's "Fictions of Privacy: House Chapels and the Spatial accommodation of Religious Dissent in Early Modern Europe", is a very intriguing and worthwhile article. The introduction to the article is excellent, inasmuch as it vividly - and unexpectedly - reveals the incongruous setting for religious observance in many Early Modern European homes - the house attic (2002, 1031). The article then proceeds to launch into a very detailed description of the 'attic chapel' (1031-1033); this description is accompanied on page 1033 with a photo. What is significant about the article's introduction is that, in surprising the reader by first portraying the former residence of the long-departed Jan Hartmann as simply a well-preserved dwelling from the past, the surreptitious nature of the house chapel is under-scored."
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Urban Planner Lewis Mumford, 2005.
This paper examines the role of organic urban city development as pioneered through the genius of Lewis Mumford.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the fusion of naturalism and industrialization in urban planning as presented in Lewis Mumford's Organic Theory. The author includes aspects of urban planning such as more municipal land control, less mechanization in urban planning and organic balance in cities of steel, which were the innovation of Lewis Mumford. The paper relates that these three concepts demonstrate how Mumford helped to forge a city, which included nature within the formation of the new modern American city.
From the Paper
"This study examines the role of organic urban city development, as pioneered through the genius of Lewis Mumford. By evaluating the issues of industrialization and the growing problems of privatized capitalism of his times, Mumford offered a newer public array of city planning that would infuse naturalism into modern cities. By the acceleration of industrialization slowly eroding the overpopulating cities of America, Mumford forged a new path by offering a balance between capitalistic interests and the organic beauty of Nature that created healthier and more open city environments."
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Regional Planner Patrick Geddes, 2005.
This paper discusses Patrick Geddes and his contribution to the idea of regional planning.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that that Sir Patrick Geddes was one of the founders of town planning as a profession. The author points out that Geddes was the first in Britain to use "landscape architect" as a professional title. The paper relates that he derived his ideas from a study of evolution under T.H. Huxley and, in turn, Geddes'greatest influence was through his student Lewis Mumford.
From the Paper
"Patrick Geddes (1854-1932) was a Scottish biologist and town planner. He made use of the theory of evolution, which he studied with T.H. Huxley, using it as a basis for his ethics, history, and town planning. For instance, he created "a botanical garden for the University of Dundee which aimed to show the relationships between groups of plants and also their historical significance" (Turner para. 1). He carried this into his work in different ways, producing the key book Cities in Evolution in 1915. Sir Patrick Geddes was one of the founders of town planning as a profession and was the first in Britain to use "landscape architect" as a professional title (Turner para. 1)."
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Eastern Influence on Victorian Interiors, 2005.
This essay discusses the eastern influence, learned from the London's Great Exhibition, on Victorian interiors.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 4 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Great Exhibition, an international exposition or world's fair, held in London in 1851, was a major influence on interior design. The author points out that the exhibition was a world exhibition in the modern sense. The paper describes that the exhibit incorporated objects from a variety of cultures, particularly eastern and middle eastern cultures, which was copied in the decorating of private homes.
From the Paper
"One eloquent expression of the optimism and confidence that Britain felt during the mid-Victorian period (1848-70) was the World Exposition, sponsored and spearheaded by Prince Albert in 1851. This ambitious project was, in fact, representative of several things, including the expansion of Prince Albert's official role beyond that of the Queen's husband and toward that of a leader in culture and public education. This was a world exhibition in the modern sense; participation from the international community, particularly from countries in which Britain had a colonial presence, was actively solicited, and this produced a truly international project with samples of cultural objects from a wide variety of cultures."
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Urban Planner Patrick Geddes, 2005.
This paper explores the visionary contributions of Sir Patrick Geddes to modern urban planning.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Patrick Geddes' contribution to the'garden city' concept of urban planning, a movement that gained strength throughout the twentieth century. The author points out the impact of Geddes upon urban planning thinkers such as Lewis Mumford and Ebenezer Howard. The paper relates that these planners owe a great deal of their own views to Geddes' firm belief in the marriage between the city and the urban landscape and between nature and human creation.
From the Paper
"This paper explores the impact of Patrick Geddes upon the development of contemporary urban planning. Chiefly, this paper focuses upon Geddes' contribution to the 'garden city' concept towards urban planning as that movement gained strength throughout the twentieth century. In particular, this paper examines Geddes' undeniable influence upon later thinkers - most famously Lewis Mumford. In the final analysis, perhaps no short paper can make complete sense of Sir Patrick Geddes, but the very exploration of the man is a rewarding and illuminating pursuit in and of itself. "
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18th Century English Interior Architecture, 2005.
This paper examines the development of interior architecture and the decorative arts in England during the 18th century.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 4 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the changes, which took place in the English country house during the 18th century. The author argues that these developments occurred as a microcosm to the rest of the nation. The paper contends that it was the confluence of classicist and romantic influences which made the interior architecture of the period so striking.
From the Paper
"The 18th century has been regarded as the epitome of the development of elegance of interior architecture throughout the Western world. Many critics believe that this century is unmatched in the history of the West with regard to the development of interior architectural styles. It is certain that during this century, perhaps more so than any other in recent historical memory, the development of interior styles was nearly without rival. Nowhere has this trend been more evidenced than in 18th century England in which the development of interior styles came head to head with various other socio-cultural forces to produce one of the most memorable periods in the history of design."
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Medieval Art and Architecture, 2006.
Examines what influenced medieval art and architecture.
1,522 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
Arguably Islam was the most influential of the cultural donors to medieval art and architecture, via Armenia as well as the cultures hugging the Mediterranean, but Islam itself had already influenced other cultures (Byzantine) and been influenced by even earlier ones (pre-Islamic Persia and more). This paper shows, therefore, that any tracing of Islamic influence in medieval European art and architecture must include the incorporated remnants of all the earlier inter-cultural donations. It shows that the two most influential contacts though which the cultural iconographies were spread are, arguably, the Crusades and the Moorish subjugation of Spain.
From the Paper
"Of particular importance to medieval life was the abbey and the priory. Particularly important were the Benedictine abbeys. While Benedict was a mid-sixth century cleric, and Islam itself, of course, could not have been influential until at least the start of the seventh century, Benedictine abbeys continued to be built for centuries, reflecting in great degree an Eastern influence. While "the typical plan of Benedictine abbeys and priories evolved out of the Roman country villa of late antiquity"......about 820, a plan for an idea monastery was created (Schuetz-Miller, 2000). It was considered to be the first pattern that took into account the relationship of all the parts to each other and to the whole, assuring geometric harmony; harmony had been a hallmark of Eastern life."
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