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Josef Mengele and his Experiments, 2008.
An analysis of the medical experiments performed by Josef Mengele in Auschwitz and his justification for performing them.
1,957 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper seeks to relate Josef Mengele's crimes via a systematic analysis. It analyzes the purposes of the medical experimentation conducted by Mengele and provides a brief analysis of the types of experiments he conducted. The paper then discusses his justification for the experiments, as it is understood by researchers and finally provides a short sketch of the aftermath of his work.
From the Paper
"The history of eugenics goes beyond Mengele, as he was not the mastermind of it, but he and his particular mental state seriously added to the pseudoscience that at least for a time dominated and supported the long history of anti-Semitism. Mengele took full advantage of the ability to have free reign to play God with the lives of those who had no protection from him in an attempt to bolster his eugenic ideology. Though, Mengele escaped justice and lived out the reminder of his life in relative peace, his victims will never have closure and the history he left behind is a constant reminder of the unsettling behavior that people are capable of."
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The Rise of Hitler, 2008.
A discussion of the rise of Adolf Hitler to power in Germany.
845 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the historical background leading to Adolf Hitler's rise to power and the tactics he used to maintain his power. The paper asserts that Hitler created a false sense of security in Germany, which allowed him to quickly rise to power and gain support of the people. It maintains that, through the rejection of the ideas of modernism and glorification of World War I, Hitler easily persuaded Germany to support him and everything that he stood for. The paper adds that the rise of Nazism in Germany allowed Hitler to become dictator. It concludes that Hitler's use of propaganda in particular allowed him to transform Germany from a country in ruin to a seemingly strong and thriving nation.
From the Paper
"Another tool Hitler used to popularize himself was through the rejection of the ideas of modernism. Hitler rejected the new in hopes of reverting Germany back to its traditional ways. Modernism art before Hitler came to power represented Germany in a gruesome light. Hitler's goal was to symbolize the beauty of Germany in terms of racial purity, militarism, and heroism. Core values ruled over the thoughtful and philosophical. Many paintings images were very direct in their meanings of masculinity and power. Former modernist works were referred to as degenerate and either banned or put upon display for ridicule. For example, "Storm troops Advancing under Gas" by Otto Dix was a modernist painting that portrays the horrors of War."
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Primo Levi's "If This is a Man", 2008.
An analysis of Primo Levi's account "If This is a Man".
2,095 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Primo Levi's "If This is a Man", which discusses the true nature of man, and his ability to adapt in degrading circumstances, when faced with evil and dehumanization. The paper maintains that although the prisoners of Auschwitz were degraded and demoralized, they were not able to be dehumanized for the choice to give up is a personal decision that cannot be made by another. The paper states that Primo's work provides insight into the lives and nature of the victims of the Holocaust. It concludes that analysis of this text may broaden one's knowledge of the Holocaust and Jewish culture, as well as man's ability to adapt and handle depersonalisation.
From the Paper
"In the initiation process that welcomed prisoners to Auschwitz they were stripped of every ounce of their identity that could be taken: "Nothing belongs to us any more; they have taken away our clothes, our shoes, even our hair; if we speak, they will not listen, and if they listen they will not understand." (p.33) Even their names were removed and replaced by numbers, tattooed on their bodies; with which they would be identified: "He is Null Achtzehn. He is not called anything except that, Zero Eighteen, the last three figures of his entry number; as if everyone was aware that only a man is worthy of a name, and that Null Achtzehn is no longer a man" (p.48). The prisoners soon realize that along with individuality all social distinctions and subtleties, good and bad, wise and foolish, the cushions of law, social habits and morals within the camp are reduced to zero. In the concentration camps "there is only survival or death" (p.59). Deprived of all human-defining aspects they begin a new existence as nothing more than laboring units. It is this first initiation process that starts the erosion of the prisoners' humanity."
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Anne Frank's "Anne Frank: Diary of a Young Girl", 2004.
This paper discusses the psychology of fear as presented in "Anne Frank: Diary of a Young Girl" by Anne Frank.
1,535 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Anne Frank in her bibliography "Anne Frank: Diary of a Young Girl", being a typical teenage girl, was incredibly emotional. The author points out that the circumstance in which she recorded these sentiments was such that they were always overshadowed by her immense fear. The paper relates that, in the first few diary entries written in the Annex, although slightly afraid, Frank does not realize the true level of danger she is in and therefore fills page after page with detailed but mundane descriptions of daily life in the Annex. The author then explains that, as Frank matures, she begins to empathize with the apprehensiveness felt by the adults and, as a result, her fear begins to increase. The paper stresses that, in a child's mind, death is not a feasible occurrence; therefore, she can allow herself to believe that she does not fear it.
From the Paper
'In this entry, as well as many others, she discusses her constant fears of being caught by the Germans while hiding in the secret annex with her family. This entry is especially powerful because it sheds light on the fact that, in such small cramped conditions, there is little to do but let your mind wander. When put in a situation where you can not talk or laugh too loudly for fear of capture, all that one is left with is his or her thoughts and for a young girl, this can cause immense fright. As she points out on this same page of her diary, everything she says or does leads her back to thoughts of fear."
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Nazi Anti-Semitic Policy and Economy, 2004.
This paper examines to what extent Nazi anti-Semitic policy was motivated by the economy.
1,656 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The writer of this article points out that the anti-Semitic Nazi party, attempted to limit apparent Jewish dominance in German society and the economy through the implementation of specific polices. In this essay the writer tries to explain these policies and the reasons for their implementation, as well as the extent to which these policies were motivated by economic considerations. To achieve this aim the writer looks at the role of Hermann Goering in influencing Nazi Semitic policies and his development of the German economy from 1938 including the removal of Jewish business in an effort to create a 'Nazified' economy. The writer concludes that it can be said that anti-Semitic policies in the period 1933-39 were motivated more by the individual ideologies and subsequent political policies imposed by the founders of the Nazi party such as Adolf Hitler and Hermann Goering and the high ranking political figures within the party establishment than economic influences.
From the Paper
"The removal of Jewish civil servants was personally ordered by Hitler in April 1933 and was accomplished relatively easily. Jewish persecution was increased in September 1933 with the passing of a Law banning Jews from Agriculture. However the impact of this law upon Jewish society within Germany was negligible because there were few Jews in the agricultural industry. Hitler's view was that Germany should be made by 'sweat and blood' pure and clean of Jewish influence. The events of 1933 and the increased anti-Semitic policies of the Nazi government were not motivated by economic issues despite some policies affecting economic areas. They were instead general policies with little impact, offered as token gestures by Hitler to satisfy not only his own beliefs, but also the demands of the right-wing fanatics within his own party who were calling for radical anti-Semitic action."
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National Socialist Propaganda: Role and Nature, 2007.
An examination of the role and nature of Nazi propaganda.
1,008 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the outlook and the function of the propaganda of the Nazi regime. It explains that the propaganda came in the form of movies, radio, newspaper articles and advertisements, mass rallies and books and infiltrated all aspects of German life. The paper looks at how the Nazi propaganda's saturation of German life and the very nature in which propaganda should be used, set out by Hitler and Reichsminister Dr. Joseph Goebbels, were essential to the regime's popularity, the obedience of its people and the building of its psychological and physical strength and population numbers. The paper also notes that propaganda continued to be used by the National Socialists as a manipulator of the people even after they had gained power and that the focus shifted from politics to the demonization of the Jews and the mentally ill, and to the promotion of the Volksgemeinschaft. The paper further discusses how poster art was one of many suitable mediums for conveying these messages. In conclusion the paper shows that National Socialist propaganda takes its place in history as one of the most powerful and successful operations the world has ever known; a programme that indoctrinated a nation and seduced it into pursuing an ideological fantasy, which eventually resulted in catastrophe.
From the Paper
"One such example of Nazi poster propaganda is the announcement of the "Third Reich's Day of the Farmer of 1935". The farmer, who had always held a place of high esteem in Nazi ideology, is portrayed as a strong, tall, idealised Aryan. He stands upright with his sleeves rolled up as if ready to work or take on some tremendous task. He appears brave, strong and physically idealised and a perfect example of a good German and Aryan man. The National Socialists had recognised that the farmer was the "fount of national health and future German greatness", and with this poster the Propaganda Ministry aims to create awareness of the value of the farmer and his physical and "Volkish" qualities in that he is putting the concern for the greater Volk above himself by farming. Not only is the poster a piece of propaganda, but the event that it advertises is also a propaganda act, held to "strengthen National Socialist values"."
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Homosexuals in Nazi Germany, 2002.
An examination of the plight of both Jewish and non-Jewish homosexuals living under Hitler's regime.
3,487 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
During the twelve years of the Nazi reign, nearly 50,000 men were convicted of the crime of homosexuality. This paper looks at how representations of journalists and historians of the homosexual experience during the Holocaust are compromised by the small number of accounts available in the research, and by the oppression faced by autobiographical reporters. It discusses how by design, Hitler had attempted to squelch any and all threats to his ideology, and in doing so, he succeeded in eradicating the voices of thousands of gay men and women who silently died in the ovens, their harrowing stories taken to their graves.
From the Paper
"When Adolph Hitler ascended to power in 1933, Germany was experiencing a period of severe economic hardship. Charismatically, and very likely operating with a delusional mind, he pledged the downtrodden German people that his regime would create a wondrous future by implementing a grandiose strategy in which a master German race would rise up to dominate Europe and beyond. Hitler's plan to create such a superior race of Aryans required him to exterminate any person who posed a physical, psychological, philosophical or political threat by resisting rigid adherence to his Fascist blueprint of a pure, superior German race. Because the Aryan population was highly constituted with blonde haired, blue-eyed, pale-skinned Caucasians, Hitler became obsessed with a pathological compulsion to exterminate all people who did not fit his prototype of the new master race. "
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Why the Churches Were Silent, 2008.
An in-depth discussion of the Catholic Church's passive stance during the slaughter of the Jews in the Holocaust.
2,913 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
The paper explores what the Catholic Church and the Vatican did and specifically did not do during the years of Hitler's Germany and the murder of the Jews. The paper provides a brief history of Judeo- Christian relations in Germany as recent as the Second Reich. The paper shows how the Vatican, Pope Pius XII and the Catholic Church could have saved the lives of millions with their powerful influence. The paper discusses why the Vatican and German Catholic Churches watched silently as so many Jews were cruelly sent to their deaths.
From the Paper
"The morality of the Catholic Church took a backseat slide between the years of 1933 and 1945. The church still struggles with their rather passive stance during the slaughter of the Jews in the Holocaust. In fact, they still have not recovered from it. Why did these "holy ones" keep so silent during the Holocaust? Was it for peaceful diplomatic means? Was it to try to salvage the papacy? Perhaps the anti-Semitic foundations in Christianity were partly to blame. Whatever the case, the atrocity we know as the Holocaust that took the lives of over six million Jews and little was done by the world, especially by the Vatican, Pope Pius XII and the Catholic Church, who, with their powerful influence could have saved the lives of millions."
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Elie Wiesel's "Night", 2007.
A look at the deconstruction of Elie Wiesel in his autobiographical book "Night".
1,383 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 46.95
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Abstract
"Night", by Elie Wiesel, is an autobiographical book about the survival of a young Jew, Wiesel himself, in the utmost degradation of the human soul. This paper dicusses how, in Weisel's book, "Night", the images of night and fire, the themes of brutality against children, the loss of spiritual faith, the idea of death, the inversion of the father-son relationship between the protagonist and his father, Shlomo Wiesel, all substantiate the degradation of the human soul from civilization and faith to savagery and loss in faith.
From the Paper
"The recurring image of night itself and fire are significant. Night falls at the most crucial parts of the book: when Shlomo Wiesel, Elie Wiesel's father first announces the news of the "transports" (13), when Eliezer first observes the shocking vision of death by burning in the crematorium, and when the march from Buna commences. There is a gradual increase in the darkness especially before, during, and after the march: "an even darker night was waiting for us on the other side." (84) Eliezer's pain increases with the darkness and is finally numbed when the night becomes pitch-black. Once the procession reaches the barracks in Gleiwitz, the prevalence of death increases as the night grows longer to the point where "the days resembled the nights and the nights left in [our] souls the dregs of their darkness." (100) "
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Hitler's Rise to Power, 2007.
This paper examines the rise to power by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party in Germany.
2,265 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Hitler's rise to power from his failed Beer Hall Putsch in 1923 through the beginning of World War Two. The paper examines the political and social structures that made this possible and discusses how a madman inspires millions to commit atrocities beyond the imagination. The paper also looks at how a convicted traitor transitions into the most powerful person in a nation and then explains that, through propaganda, Hitler was able to manipulate a war weary German people into supporting his efforts. The writer notes that those who opposed him disappeared and maintains that by instilling loyalty to the state through fear and patriotic propaganda, Hitler was able to achieve a position of power that allowed him to commit atrocities.
From the Paper
"Over six million Jews perished during Hitler's reign. Millions more were displaced. Atrocities that defy ones belief in humanity became commonplace. Many people question how a madman, such as Adolf Hitler, was able to take power, why millions were drawn to him, and how the world looked on as the Nazi Party swept into power. Against significant odds, Adolf Hitler went from a convicted traitor to leader of a nation; a man whose actions would leave an indelible mark on history for all time. Adolf Hitler's rise to power defies the powers of logic for many people today. How is it possible that a man was capable of inspiring so many atrocities? The answer lies in a combination of world events, political intrigue, and clever moves designed to strip German citizens of their liberties and remove opposition. It is possible to trace the Nazification of Germany through an analysis of the 1930s."
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Why the Holocaust Happened in Germany, 2007.
This paper explores the idea that the Holocaust was not an exclusive event chosen by the German people due to their hatred of Jews.
1,521 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Raul Hilberg and Christopher Browning's understanding of how the Holocaust happened. The paper discusses their claim that the Holocaust was not an exclusive event chosen by the German people due to their hatred for Jews, but was due to a combination of factors including the administrative smoothness of the operation, the impersonal quality of the killing and the belief that it had to do with the frailty of human beings in general. The paper concludes by refuting the argument presented by Daniel Goldhagen that the Holocaust was an exclusively German event. The paper uses MLA style footnotes but does not append a bibliography.
From the Paper
"The pivotal question to the debate on the Holocaust is whether it could have happened only in Germany by ethnically German people, or whether it was a set of various factors that would produce the same results regardless of the ethnicity of the people. Hilberg argues that being German was irrelevant, and that such a thing could happen in any society even today. The Holocaust was not executed by the German people because of some deep-seeded German hatred for Jews, but instead was able to occur due to the vast German bureaucratic system. The "final solution" did not consist of a single department staffed with specialists in destruction, but instead it was a multi-pronged operation of a highly decentralized apparatus, which included all parts of German society, its ministries, armed forces, party formations, and industry."
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Nazi Camps: The Beginnings, 2006.
This paper takes a different look at the concentration camps of World War II, analyzing their original purpose.
1,486 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a brief look at the beginnings and evolution of the Nazi concentration camps. The writer looks at the original purpose of these camps and at their evolution into death camps. The writer also argues that the Jewish people were not the only victims and the prisoners were not just Jews. The writer points out that righteous people, trying to stand up for the rights of their fellow man and people of many different ethnicities and religions were all victims of the Nazi campaign. The writer concludes that World War II and the Jewish Holocaust changed humanity.
From the Paper
"World War II and the Jewish Holocaust is remembered as the darkest moment of humanity in recent history. It is generally believed that the Nazi party, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, was on a quest to rid the world of Jewish people. The pictures of starving men and women in German concentration camps are probably remembered most. Most people believe that those men and women are the poor Jews hated by all Germans. However, the persecution included people of many faiths and ethnicities. The truth of the matter is that the camps were not originally planned to be extermination plants, and actually for the first few years only a small percentage of prisoners were Jewish."
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Nazi Big Business, 2002.
This paper offers a historiography of Nazi big business.
4,926 words (approx. 19.7 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 125.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the relatively easy accessibility of sources from the archives of former Nazi organizations or the state bureaucracy has inevitably resulted in a large number of analyses from the perspective of the German government, as long as material from company archives remained difficult to come by. Although a good deal of compromising primary material came to light in connection with the Nuremberg trials, the writer points out that it was only in the 1960s that the archives of some of the major companies involved in the use of forced and slave labor became available, making possible a serious testing of the various studies that had been written on the subject. As important data became more accessible, scholars have been able to approach the problem from the perspective of Germany's industrial elites. In this essay, the writer provides an extensive comparative analysis of several of these works.
From the Paper
"Published in 1942, Neumann's Behemoth was, arguably the most significant attempt of its day at a scholarly and painstaking analysis of the background, working principles and practices, and state of Nazi Germany. His research led him to reject many of the accepted explanations of both the origin and character of the Nazi ideology and practice. Neumann, a former member of the Berlin bar who was for a time counsel to the German trade unions, came to the conclusion that there was not one ruling class in Germany, but four- the Nazi party, the army, the bureaucracy, and the industrial leaders. The industrial leaders arose with the growth of German capitalism and did not acquire real importance until after the aims of a greater Prussia found fulfillment in the German Empire created by Bismarck."
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"Envy; Or, Yiddish in America", 2005.
An analysis of Cynthia Ozick's short story, "Envy; Or, Yiddish in America".
3,360 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the short story, "Envy; Or, Yiddish in America" by Cynthia Ozick. According to the paper, the story reveals the author's nuanced feelings toward the disappearance of the Yiddish language and culture. The paper discusses how, although on the surface "Envy" seems mostly critical of Yiddish writers-- as if they either are talentless or almost betray the Jewish community--its underlying message is that a once vibrant community has been destroyed to such an extent that its survivors are hopeless unless they are able to escape it. The paper reports that the story is about the need to rebuild in order to preserve at least some aspect of the Yiddish community Ozick loves and respects.
From the Paper
"Ozick structures her essay around the claim that "in order to believe in the real possibility of translation, the translator must believe in certain impossible theses... [which are] important, useful and false" (Metaphor and Memory 200). The first false premise a translator must accept is that poems are "uncovered" rather than translated "because without this belief a translation can never be seen as a thing achieved, concluded finished" (Metaphor and Memory 200). Thus, the hack fails even Ozick's first premise for translation. Although Ozick's essay focuses on poetry, the hack's translation methods stray so far from those suggested by Ozick that it is reasonable to conclude Ozick disapproves of the hack's technique. The hack continues to search for synonyms until Ostrover chooses one to his liking--she strays from Ozick's ideal in which a work is "uncovered" and the translator determines the final form of the work."
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Justice Delayed, 2002.
This paper explores restitution and the forced auto laborers of the Holocaust.
5,431 words (approx. 21.7 pages), 43 sources, APA, $ 133.95
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Abstract
The paper describes how General Motors and Ford became an integral part of the Nazi war effort in Germany. The paper discusses the subhuman conditions faced by slaves and forced laborers who performed strenuous, back-breaking work for these corporations. The paper addresses how a modern state came to rely heavily on forced labor through cruel and oppressive measures. The paper looks at the compensation finally offered by Ford, Volkswagen, Daimler-Benz and General Motors and the survivors' reaction to this.
From the Paper
"After the autumn of 1941, the German political-economic logic of occupation was set aside and the Third Reich vision of total conquest took over. Taking its cue from the political regime, the automobile industry threw tens of thousands of foreign workers and concentration camp inmates into its battle to produce airplane motors, trucks, tanks, and spare parts. The facilities of the automobile factories had become collections of labor processes and assembly lines which the brutalized men and women deported from their homes could service. The dialectic which haunted the history of this industry- the seemingly inescapable economic vulnerability of its enterprises in a land where most people still couldn't afford to purchase their own cars, coupled with its constant effort to project power and to accumulate wealth- consumed the thousands of laborers working in its factories."
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Jewish American Literature, 2005.
An analysis of the paradox of Jewish American literature as explained by Isaac Rosenfeld and Elie Wiesel.
1,389 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how, even though they often express themselves in multiple languages, through diverse media and with differing intentions, Jewish American authors are somehow united in creating a common body of literature that can be identified as both Jewish and American. It looks at how, although the links between some Jewish American works may seem obscure, authors such as Isaac Rosenfeld and Elie Wiesel have elucidated their common underpinnings by exploring the obstacles, responsibilities, and strengths shared by their writers.
From the Paper
"Since many early writers of Jewish American fiction focused on the experiences of new immigrants and their children, they by definition had to deal with balancing their Jewish and American selves. In doing so, they questioned aspects of mainstream American culture ranging from adherence to religious standards to prioritization of material success, consequently delving more deeply into staples of American distinctiveness than their non-Jewish peers. Precisely as Rosenfeld suggests, early alienation was fruitful in that it forced writers to question their surroundings. As the protagonists of Jewish fiction seek to move from outsider to insider, they confront the very meaning of Americanism and are forced to choose which aspects of their earlier Jewish identities they are willing to sacrifice."
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The Motivation and Intent Behind "Maus", 2005.
A review of the motivation behind Art Spiegelman's books "Maus: A Survivor's Tale: My Father Bleeds History" and "Maus: A Survivor's Tale: And Here My Troubles Began".
1,818 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the purpose and intent of Art Spiegelman's books "Maus: A Survivor's Tale: My Father Bleeds History" and "Maus: A Survivor's Tale: And Here My Troubles Began". The paper discusses the intensely personal side of the story and suggests that it tells a great deal about Spiegelman's motivations for creating these books. It discusses the themes and emotions that he reveals in the books.
From the Paper
"When considering Art Spiegelman's books Maus: A Survivor's Tale: My Father Bleeds History and Maus: A Survivor's Tale: And Here My Troubles Began, the reader twice asks, "Why did Art Spiegelman write these?" That is, the reader wonders what purpose Spiegelman hoped his books would serve, and what personally drove Spiegelman to write the books in the first place. Though related, these are two different questions. These books are very personal works that not only chronicle his father's experiences as a Jew in Poland during WWII, but also reveal "Artie's" struggles to relate to his father. The intensely personal side of the story tells a great deal about Spiegelman's motivations for creating these books; this aspect is about Artie. Yet clearly purpose of the books is not to tell Artie's story, but to tell Vladek's."
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The Nazi Concentration Camps, 2006.
A review of the concentration camps of Nazi Germany, written from a personal perspective.
973 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the lives of those living in Nazi concentration camps during the Holocaust. The purpose of this paper is to try and show the inhuman brutality of these concentration camps. The paper further discusses the extermination camps that were built in 1942 with the purpose of murdering Jews.
From the Paper
" Many prisoners eventually became what were known as Muselmanner. The Muselmanner are persons destroyed, devastated, shattered wrecks strung between life and death. They are the victims of a stepwise annihilation of human beings. The mere external appearance of the Muselmanner bespoke profound dehumanization. In a final stage of emaciation, their skeletons were enveloped by flaccid, parchmentlike sheaths of skin, edema had formed on their feet and thighs, their posterior muscles had collapsed. Their skulls seemed elongated; their noses dripped constantly, mucus running down their chins. Their eyeballs had sunk deep into their sockets; their gaze was glazed. Their limbs moved slowly, hesitantly, almost mechanically. They exuded a penetrating, acrid odor; sweat, urine, liquid feces trickled down their legs. The rags that covered their freezing frames were full of lice; their skin was covered with scabies. Most suffered from diarrhea. They ate anything they could lay their hands on--moldy bread, cheese wriggling with worms, raw bits of turnip, garbage fished from the bins. "
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