Abstract
This paper is a review of the documentary film "Love and Diane". Beginning with an overview of the film, the writer then continues on to analyze the circumstances of the family found in the documentary. What the paper does in analyze the psychological effects that drug addiction had in the family, as well as the biological effects drug addiction has. This plays into the social issues of poverty that surround the family in the film. Once all of these issues have been shown, the writer links them to present a trifecta of uncertainty and demise.

From the Paper
"The availability of effective and affordable healthcare--or rather the lack thereof--is also a major barrier in dealing with the psychological factors affecting both Love and Diane. Diane is seeing a therapist, and this has certainly helped her to overcome her feelings of depression and guilt to the point that she can be an effective mother, but Love does not appear to be receiving the same benefit, and certainly didn't during her time in foster care. Again, preventative measures such as psychological care during foster care would have been the most effective in dealing with Love's psychological problems, as many foster children exhibit severe mood and emotional problems during their childhood and later in life (AACAP 2009). Intensive counseling for her individual issues stemming from her foster care experience, and possibly play-therapy sessions or something similar to help with her relationship with her son could be effective.
"Obviously, dealing with the social issues that crop up in this situation is key to dealing with the biological and psychological factors as well. Without proper social infrastructures in place providing medical and psychiatric care, people with limited resources such as Diane, Love, and much of the rest of the nation will simply not be able to access the care they need to either prevent or treat these problems."

Tags:foster, care, homeless, drug, addicted

Abstract
This paper provides analysis of the global economic climate and its impact on the Nigerian business environment. Opening with a description of Nigeria's economics, the paper continues on to provide a problem analysis. This is done by providing a series of research questions in which a bulk of the research is done by answering these questions. Using the history of Nigeria's business risks and successes, as well as various economic models and theories, the writer concludes that Nigerian Officials reacted with some positive and negative decisions that helped grow GDP but failed the stock market.

Outline:
Introduction
General Description of the Nigerian Business Environment
Problem analysis
Purpose of Study
Relevant Research Questions
Statement of Hypothesis
Definition of Terms/ Concepts
Delimitation (Scope) of the Study
Significance of the Research problem and the jurisdiction for investigating it
Review of Literature
Research Tools
Historical Background
Model(s) and or theories relevant to the research questions and hypothesis
Current Literature based on each of the relevant variables of the model or theory
Summary of Chapter

From the Paper
"Another challenge for the business environment belongs to the demographic category and refers to the reduced life expectancy of the population - only 46 years. In the highly developed western economies, a 46 years old employee is a useful addition to an organization as he is highly trained and skilled and the investments in training him are minimal, while the benefits are highly increased. In Nigeria on the other hand, employees may well not even reach the age of 46. A second demographic challenge is posed by the very high risk of contracting an infectious disease. This is threatening for all employees, as well as potentially foreign manager/ owner and increased absenteeism due to infectious disease generate increased financial loses.
"In terms of a structure of the Nigerian business environment, it becomes obvious that the country is showing a deficit relative to small and medium size enterprises. The reasons why SMEs fail to succeed in this environment generally revolve around denaturized public perceptions over their activities, political instability, economic turmoil or the failure of the national authorities to support these types of organizations. Additionally, poor infrastructure, political corruption and an uneven distribution of natural and human made resources also constitute reasons why the SME community plays a reduced role within Nigerian business (Mumbula, 2002)."

Tags:africa, globalization, nigeria, economics

Abstract
This is a research paper on the "digital divide" and its effects on society. Opening with a discussion on information technology and how it has changed business, the writer uses this foundation to then discuss the effects it has on society. Using studies and research, the writer provides a compelling basis to prove that generations are separated not only by social conditions but technological conditions as well. In the end, the writer argues that more should be done to assess the impact of such a divide on society.

Outline:
Use of Digital Technology in the Classroom
Teaching Methods that Enhance Intellectual Growth
Basic Elements of the Theory of Zone Proximal Development
Computer Supported Collaborative Learning
Use of CSCL in the Modern Classrooms
Positive Impact of CSCL on Both Students and Teachers
Implications of CSCL Strategies on Student Performance
Implications of CSCL Strategies on Student Attitude
Implications of CSCL Strategies on Student Satisfaction
Certain Limitations of Using CSCL in Modern Classrooms
Is the Gap Racial or Social Economical
Closing the Gap

From the Paper
"From Gorski and Clark's perspective the racial digital divide, like the divide connected to other public personality group memberships, should be examined and eventually dismantled. After further assessment of education as a larger system that tries to prohibit some for the advancement of others. Multicultural education has been deliberate to act in response to the assessment of the technological offensive that is element and parcel of Eurocentric education. Recognizing this, educational system must now lead efforts to redirect school or university relations and teacher education in ways that examines both the digital divide and the context that allows and encourages it to prosper. Strategies for dismantling the divide and this framework must gain from and is a natural fiber into multicultural education theory and applied in a logical way."

Tags:technology, the digital divide, society, internet

Abstract
This paper describes the first stage of the policy process or initiation or agenda setting and continues by discussing the events of the September 11 terrorist attacks and the extent of its influence on policy change. First, the paper defines agenda setting as a general set of political controversies that are viewed at any point in time as falling within the range of legitimate concerns meriting the attention of polity. Then, the paper considers the facts, values and beliefs play a major role in the government's decision of which issues deserve its attention. Various scholars and their research on this and related topics is cited. Next, the paper explores the impact of the 9/11 terrorist attacks as a significant event that encouraged change in people and in the nation. The paper further notes how this need for change was fueled by the media. The paper concludes by stating that agenda setting, as defined by this paper, can be summarized as problem definition, interest activity and the decision or non-decision making by the government.

From the Paper
"As seen in this light, an agreement is reached usually through compromise. However, the final word comes from the government and the result of the conflict is either not what was initially envisioned by the advocates or worse yet, the problem may not even be acted upon by the authorities in decision making. Why is this so? Bachrach and Baratz (1963) assert that the other side of decision-making is "nondecision-making." There are certain issues that are not taken into consideration by the government because of a number of factors: "dominant values, accepted rules of the game, existing power relations among groups, and instruments of force." One or a combination of these issues have great influence in the decision making process.
Weiss (1989) pointed out that policy problems grab the attention of the public at given times and places. Nevertheless, no matter how huge or hot the issue may be, it will eventually lose its luster over time and will be replaced by a shiny new issue, which now has to be addressed by government institutions. The public, the news, the media and even policymakers eventually lose interest in problems or issues that were once on the top of the agenda."

Tags:government, policy process, policy implementation, World Trade Center attacks

Abstract
The paper discusses the basic protections offered to families under the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA). The paper then considers the costs of this Act for society in general and notes how this Act is protected from employee abuse. The paper concludes that in general, society is protected by mandating leave in situations where family members require care.

Outline:
Family
Society

From the Paper
"The rights of the family extend pretty far under the terms of the Act. Though the leave is unpaid, employees are able to take the leave either in one single chunk, broken up throughout the years, or by negotiating a reduced daily schedule with their employer (Swanke & Zeman 2009). They can use this time to take care of themselves, if an illness requires frequent visits to doctors or hospitalization, or other frequent interruptions of work, and as long as the employee continues to make their mandatory contributions to the employer's health plan their benefits cannot be altered or lost, and their permanent position or one with similar duties and the same salary and benefits must be made available when the leave is over (Swanke & Zeman 2009). Most leaves taken under the Family Medical Leave Act are for the care of others, however.
"A growing number of the workforce is responsible for providing primary care to an elderly family member; it is estimated that by next year approximately half of all employees in the United States will have an aging parent or spouse dependent on them for care (Brown 2005). The Family Medical Leave Act provides a way for these individuals to provide the care their loved ones need without using up all of their own sick time and vacation leave and suffering the psychological and physiological consequences of this (Brown 2005; Sawnke & Zeman 2009)."

Tags:caregivers, elders, spouses, parents, children

Abstract
This paper briefly discusess how expanding a healthcare organization in a foreign country is always a complex and difficult task and how attempts to provide Western medicinal techniques and diagnoses in many parts of the developing world are often met with cultural suspicion. In particular, it looks at how, on the island of Kava, there are several other issues at work that provide other substantial barriers and challenge to the spread of a healthcare organization and its provision of services to the local populous such as economic distress and a lack of infrastructure.

From the Paper
"In order to develop the proper problem formulation, it is essential first and foremost to define the advancements that the organization would like to achieve, and then identifying the barriers to the specific steps of those advancements (Trochim 2006; Ideation 2005). After this list of barriers--which in this instance is certain to be somewhat lengthy--has been compiled, the many interrelated problems facing the development of the healthcare organization must be simplified as much as possible, identifying the root of the organization's desire or goal that is being thwarted or obstructed by a given issue, and determining precisely how that issue is presenting a challenge to the specifically identified goal (Ideation 2005). A well-identified problem is the first step in finding an effective solution in an efficient manner; without such clarity of definition any solution is likely to be not only less effective, but might not even adequately address the issues that lies at the true root of the problem (Trochim 2006; Ideation 2005)."

Tags:infrastructure, Western, medicinal

Abstract
This paper discusses aspects of statutory rape, its definition and laws. First, the paper defines statutory rape, stating that it occurs when an individual, regardless of age, has consensual sexual relations with an individual not old enough to legally consent to the behavior. Next, the paper distinguishes statutory rape from forcible rape by stating that in statutory rape scenarios, the victim has consented to the sexual contact. Next, the paper examines the nature of statutory rape incidents, further noting how the perpetrators are treated. Then, the paper notes how child predators must register as sex offenders. The paper concludes by stating that statutory rape is one of the more difficult subjects in criminal justice, since every actor in the law enforcement community wants to strike a balance between ensuring that a victim is adequately protected and imposing realistic punishments that are proportionate to the level of the crime.



Outline:

Introduction
Definition
Distinguishing Statutory Rape from Forcible Rape
Characteristics of Statutory Rape Incidents
Treatment of Statutory Rape Offenders
Registration as a Sex Offender
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Although each state defines statutory rape in a specific manner, it generally describes "an offense that takes place when an individual (regardless of age) has consensual sexual relations with an individual not old enough to legally consent to the behavior" (Troup-Leasure & Snyder, 2005). As a result, statutory rape is, by definition, a nonforcible sexual assault. Individual state laws determine the age of consent, whether an offender has to be older than the victim by a certain number of years, and whether there is an enhancement penalty is the perpetrator is in a position of authority vis-a-vis the victim. Furthermore, while statutory rape laws have traditionally been used to protect female virtue, it is important to recall that these laws protect both male and female victims. Statutory rape is almost certainly underreported, because most victims do not believe that they have been victimized. However, the crime does not have to be reported by the victim. "Teachers and school counselors, for example, are legally obligated to report child abuse, which includes underage sexual activity and molestation, to authorities" ..."

Tags:status offenses, sexual assault, age of consent, illegal sexual contact

Abstract
This paper examines and analyzes George Orwell's view of citizens and government as represented in his novels, "1984" and "Animal Farm." According to the paper, at the time that Orwell wrote his masterworks, the relationship between a government and its citizens became a common focus of literature. The paper notes that these novels present unflattering and pessimistic views about man's chances at freedom and equality. Additionally, the paper highlights the similarity in the ultimate conclusions drawn in each book, yet cites how Orwell's ways of arriving at them bear little similarity at first glance. The paper includes brief plot summaries of each work and discusses the general themes of the novels. The paper concludes by stating that lessons from these books that are applicable today.

From the Paper
"One of the most compelling authors writing in such a vein was George Orwell, whose novels 1984 and Animal Farm both present unflattering and pessimistic views about man's chances at freedom and equality. Orwell was heavily disillusioned by the war, and by warfare and political rhetoric in general, regardless of the specific context or set of circumstances in which it was used. This is clearly illustrated in these two novels, which present very different political and governmental situations, and from highly different perspectives in hugely divergent styles, but have certain commonalities in their themes, conclusions, and their overall lessons to the reader that cannot be ignored. At the heart of each book is an impotent struggle for freedom and self-determination in a world that simply will not permit either; Orwell is suggesting that regardless of even the best intentions on the part of a few individuals, society is necessarily corruptive."

Tags:communism, fascism, dictatorship, government

Abstract
This paper reviews and analyzes the article article "Perception of time and causation through the kinesthesia of intentional action" written by Walter J. Freeman III which addresses issues of time perception and relates these to causation and intention in human action. The paper describes the various sections of the article and explains the theories and concepts that are presented. Additionally, the paper notes that the article is both philosophical and scientific. According to the paper, the article is constructed in a logical way in order to arrive at its more complex presentations and conclusions. The review notes that the concepts are explained in very clear language, without an overflow of academic jargon, even while at the same time explicating academic concepts upon the basis of philosophy and neuroscientific research. There is a general explanation of attribution theory, which the paper cites as a valuable and interesting field of study. The paper concludes by stating that the cause and effect theories discussed in this article are an strong means for resolving conflict.

From the Paper
"From here, the author begins a scientific exploration of the workings of the brain in terms of perception, in which he also begins to address the idea of intention. According to Freeman, perception within space and time is directly shaped by intention. Neither human being nor animal focuses the sensory organs of perception upon a phenomenon without some goal attached to it. It is this goal, according to the author, that underlies all intentional perception.
"The combination of intention and perception in relation to time is experienced as cause and effect. Since birth, human beings use the senses for the purpose of learning about the world. Information is gathered via the senses, with the result of learning about the world, time, space, and physical phenomena. This very basic sense of perception is then developed, and in many cases becomes habitual. The premise of the article is then that perceptions of time and space lie at the basis of intention, which is again at the basis of cause and effect."

Tags:cause and effect, human behavior, conflict resolution, perception, intention

Abstract
This paper analyzes speeches given on U.S. national defense by former President George W. Bush and former Secretary of Defense Robert Gates. First, the paper gives a summary of the points in Gates' speech, noting his view that events of the last decade, both in terms of trade developments and military conflicts, have precipitated a shift that reflects new thinking in overall U.S. defense strategy. It further shows Gates' belief that the US is promoting partner-nation capacity so friends can better defend themselves. Next, the paper considers Bush's address, which focuses on the War on Terror and the situation in Somalia. The paper concludes with a discussion on the Bush administration's emphasis on cooperative measures such as the creation of strategic regional alliances and collaborative military efforts aimed as targets such as terrorism.

From the Paper
"As a matter of philosophical grounding, the Gates speech cites a number of the core principles which tie together America's strategies of global trade liberalization and military engagement. This is particularly evident in consideration of the U.S. National Strategy for Public Diplomacy and Strategic Communication, which sites as its primary three objectives a commitment to human rights; a focus on reaching out to those with shared ideals; and to support the struggle for democracy. Frequent references to the engagement of U.S. forces in Iraq and Afghanistan underscore the last of these three commitments, demonstrating the willingness of the U.S. to commit its forces to the global fight for democratic governance. And in addressing the American concern over the struggle for human rights, dignity and freedom in Burma, Gates indicates that the U.S. has committed significant aid in spite of the obstacles posed by civil strife there. The conference as a whole would also speak from the point of view that the parties there gathered has been assembled based on their shared vision for an economically and diplomatically stable Asian Pacific region."

Tags:Somalia, engagement, military conflicts, War on Terror, global community